ABSTRACT

This paper examines the politicisation process that took place in the Hispanic monarchy towards the end of the Ancien Régime, with a special focus on analysing the actors involved in the Bourbon reformism. Our approach enables us to overcome the “upward politicisation/downward politicisation” dichotomy which is commonplace in current historiography. Based on this approach, we propose to reconstruct the connections between these actors and the circles in which modern forms of politics arose. Said connections transformed these actors culturally, and distanced them from the non-politicised culture of traditional communities. In that sense, throughout the 18th century the reformist endeavours of the crown were a major driver of politicisation but affected only a minority, coming as they did before the age of massive politicisation in the 19th and 20th centuries. We take a detailed look at the case of the traditional societies of the Basque Country and Navarre to demonstrate the scope of this first politicisation.

摘要

本文考察了西班牙裔君主制在旧政权末期发生的政治化过程，特别着重分析了波旁改革主义的参与者。我们的方法使我们能够克服当前史学中常见的“向上政治化/向下政治化”二分法。基于这种方法，我们建议重建这些行为者与现代政治形式出现的圈子之间的联系。上述联系在文化上改变了这些行为者，并使他们与传统社区的非政治化文化保持距离。从这个意义上说，在整个 18 世纪，王室的改革努力是政治化的主要推动力，但只影响了少数人，就像他们在 19 世纪和 20 世纪大规模政治化时代之前所做的那样。我们详细研究巴斯克地区和纳瓦拉的传统社会案例，以展示第一次政治化的范围。