/s/ frontness is one of the most robustly studied linguistic variables in language and gender research. While much previous literature has established the pattern that women produce fronter /s/ than men, production work on /s/ has either largely focused on White speakers or left speaker race unexplored. This article addresses this gap by examining the production of /s/ among African American and White speakers in Bakersfield, California. While the White speakers exhibit a gender split consonant with previous studies, African American Bakersfieldians exhibit no gender split, with African American men producing /s/ as front as African American women. We argue that African American men in Bakersfield avoid a backed production of /s/ indexical of a White country identity which has historically oppressed them in the area. These production patterns illuminate the importance of an intersectional analysis, taking into account the effect of speaker race on gendered variables like /s/.

中文翻译：

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谁的性别声音很重要？：加利福尼亚州贝克斯菲尔德 /s/ 发音中的种族和性别

/s/ frontness 是语言和性别研究中研究最深入的语言变量之一。虽然之前的许多文献都确立了女性比男性更早产生 /s/ 的模式，但 /s/ 的产生工作要么主要集中在白人说话者身上，要么是未探索的左说话者种族。本文通过检查加利福尼亚州贝克斯菲尔德非裔美国人和白人说话者 /s/ 的产生来解决这一差距。虽然说白人的人表现出与之前研究一致的性别分裂，但非裔美国人贝克斯菲尔德人没有表现出性别分裂，非洲裔美国男性和非裔美国女性一样在前面使用 /s/。我们认为，贝克斯菲尔德的非洲裔美国男性避免支持生产 /s/ 白人国家身份的索引，这种身份历史上一直在该地区压迫他们。