Theories of phonological encoding are centred on the selection and activation of phonological segments, and how these segments are organised in word and syllable structures in online processes of speech planning. The focus on segments, however, is due to an over-weighting of evidence from Indo-European languages, because languages outside this family exhibit strikingly different behaviour and require the processing of additional phonological structures. We review evidence from speech error patterns, priming and form encoding studies, and re-syllabification in several non-Indo-European languages, including Mandarin, Cantonese, Japanese, Arabic, Hindi, Korean, Thai, and Vietnamese. We argue that these languages deepen our understanding of the nature of phonological encoding because they require recognising language-particular differences in: the first selectable (proximate) units of phonological encoding, the phonological units processed as word beginnings, the dynamics of syllable emergence during encoding, and the varied manifestations of re-syllabification. A satisfactory and general account of phonological encoding must incorporate these rich phenomena.

中文翻译：

---

语音编码中的语言通用性：超越印欧语言

语音编码理论集中于语音片段的选择和激活，以及这些片段如何在语音规划的在线过程中以单词和音节结构组织。然而，对音段的关注是由于印欧语言证据的过度加权，因为该家族以外的语言表现出截然不同的行为并且需要处理额外的语音结构。我们回顾了来自语音错误模式、启动和形式编码研究的证据，以及几种非印欧语言的音节重整，包括普通话、粤语、日语、阿拉伯语、印地语、韩语、泰语和越南语。我们认为，这些语言加深了我们对语音编码本质的理解，因为它们需要识别语言特定的差异：语音编码的第一个可选（近似）单元，作为单词开头处理的语音单元，编码过程中音节出现的动态，以及重新音节化的各种表现。对语音编码的令人满意和一般的描述必须包含这些丰富的现象。