The extent to which we are affected by perceptual input of which we are unaware is widely debated. By measuring neural responses to sensory stimulation, neuroscientific data could complement behavioral results with valuable evidence. Here we review neuroscientific findings of processing of high-level information, as well as interactions with attention and memory. Although the results are mixed, we find initial support for processing object categories and words, possibly to the semantic level, as well as emotional expressions. Robust neural evidence for face individuation and integration of sentences or scenes is lacking. Attention affects the processing of stimuli that are not consciously perceived, and such stimuli may exogenously but not endogenously capture attention when relevant, and be maintained in memory over time. Sources of inconsistency in the literature include variability in control for awareness as well as individual differences, calling for future studies that adopt stricter measures of awareness and probe multiple processes within subjects.

中文翻译：

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无意识处理的神经科学证据

我们在多大程度上受到我们不知道的知觉输入的影响，这一点引起了广泛的争论。通过测量神经对感觉刺激的反应，神经科学数据可以用有价值的证据来补充行为结果。在这里，我们回顾了高级信息处理以及注意力和记忆相互作用的神经科学研究结果。尽管结果好坏参半，但我们找到了处理对象类别和单词的初步支持，可能达到语义级别以及情感表达。缺乏面部个性化和句子或场景整合的强有力的神经证据。注意力会影响对无意识感知的刺激的处理，并且此类刺激可能会外源性但不会内源性地在相关时捕获注意力，并随着时间的推移而保留在记忆中。文献中不一致的根源包括意识控制的可变性以及个体差异，呼吁未来的研究采取更严格的意识测量并探讨受试者内的多个过程。