ABSTRACT

A few years after the fall of the Berlin wall, the World Bank published Bureaucrats in Business, an influential report on State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) that provided a road-map on how to reform - or privatize - those “loss making state-owned-enterprises that are a significant burden on government budgets and […] hinder growth, impede market liberalization and thus both directly and indirectly limit efforts to reduce poverty” (World Bank, 1995, p. ix). Some 25 years later SOEs are still pervasive. This special issue follows up on Bureaucrats in Business, and sheds light on the continued important phenomena of SOEs and attempts to understand what the perception is about the role that SOEs should play both in tranquil and in turbulent times. We firstly set out an overview of the presence of SOEs over time and across sectors and country groups). Because the topic of the role SOEs should play in the economy is influenced by politics, second, we summarize the results of a Delphi study that presents new consensus on SOEs according to experts. Third, we then review the linkages between ownership and performance in the infrastructure and financial sectors. Fourth, we shed light on the new phenomenon of SOEs abroad, and then conclude.

摘要

柏林墙倒塌几年后，世界银行发布了商业官僚，这是一份关于国有企业 (SOE) 的有影响力的报告，为如何改革或私有化那些“亏损的国有企业”提供了路线图。对政府预算造成重大负担并[……]阻碍增长、阻碍市场自由化并因此直接和间接地限制减贫努力的国有企业”（世界银行，1995 年，第 ix 页）。大约 25 年后，国有企业仍然普遍存在。本期特刊跟进了商业官僚，并阐明了国有企业持续存在的重要现象，并试图了解人们对国有企业在平静时期和动荡时期应该扮演的角色的看法。我们首先概述了随着时间的推移、跨部门和国家组的国有企业的存在）。由于国有企业在经济中应发挥的作用这一话题受到政治的影响，其次，我们总结了德尔菲研究的结果，该研究提出了专家对国有企业的新共识。第三，我们随后回顾了基础设施和金融部门的所有权与绩效之间的联系。第四，揭示国外国有企业的新现象，然后总结。