It has been proved that cover crops combined with minimal or no till in tomato production reduce weed pressure and simultaneously slow down soil erosion, conserve soil organic carbon, and improve soil fertility. Therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate the interaction effects of cover crops including legumes, (Vicia villosa Roth and Vicia sativa L.), and legumes mixed with grasses (Secale cereale L. and X Triticosecale Wittmack), and cover crop biomass management (incorporation of residues into soil, strip tillage and no tillage) on weed control, tomato yield, nitrogen level of tomato leaf and soil, and soil organic carbon for 2 years. Generally, cover crops reduced weed dry weight in all tillage systems, and increased tomato leaf N level compared to that of conventional methods, but soil N and organic carbon contents were not affected throughout the experiments. In 2017, the highest tomato yield (40.5 and 41.1 t ha⁻¹) was recorded in legumes and mixed legumes-grasses treatments with no-till management, respectively. However, in 2018, the tomato yield decreased about 41% in the latter treatment. Totally, legume treatments in incorporation residue into soil and no-till systems with 61.3 and 61.2 t ha⁻¹, and mixed legumes-grasses treatments in strip-till system with 62.2 t ha⁻¹, respectively, had the highest tomato yield compared to that of other treatments. It seemed legumes-grasses treatment in the strip-till was generally more advantageous over the no-till. Based on results, to make possible no-till in vegetable systems, cover crops should provide an appropriate seedbed for tomato roots in the soil.

中文翻译：

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覆盖作物残茬对保护性耕作番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）生产中杂草控制和产量的影响

已经证明，在番茄生产中，覆盖作物与少耕或免耕相结合可以减少杂草压力，同时减缓土壤侵蚀，保护土壤有机碳，提高土壤肥力。因此，进行了一项研究，以评估覆盖作物包括豆科植物（Vicia villosa Roth 和Vicia sativa L.）和豆科植物与草类（Secale graine L. 和X Triticosecale）的相互作用。Wittmack)，并涵盖作物生物量管理（将残留物纳入土壤、条耕和免耕），以控制杂草、番茄产量、番茄叶和土壤的氮水平以及土壤有机碳，为期 2 年。一般来说，覆盖作物在所有耕作系统中降低了杂草干重，与常规方法相比，番茄叶片氮含量增加，但在整个试验过程中土壤氮和有机碳含量不受影响。2017 年，番茄产量最高（40.5 和 41.1 t ha ^-1）分别记录在豆科植物和免耕管理的豆科-草混合处理中。然而，2018年，后一种处理的番茄产量下降了约41%。总体而言，豆科植物将残渣掺入土壤和免耕系统的处理量分别为 61.3 和 61.2 t ha ^-1， 和 62.2 t ha ^-1的条耕系统中的混合豆类-草处理与其他处理相比具有最高的番茄产量。似乎在条耕中处理豆类草通常比免耕更有利。根据结果​​，为了在蔬菜系统中实现免耕，覆盖作物应为土壤中的番茄根提供合适的苗床。