ABSTRACT

The commemoration of the bicentennial of the independence of Latin America has meant and important renewal in the historiography. Political and cultural history and its links with conceptual history have provided us with novel interpretations. Within these perspectives this research aims to analyze the political uses of the concept of people during the war of independence in the Spanish-American press. The objetive is to understand in a related way the use and complexity of the concept of people in the Buenos Aires, Santiago de Chile and, Lima press from the revolution of May,1810 in Buenos Aires, the Upper Peru war, the Chilean Independence, and San Martin's Protectorate in Peru (1821-1822). In these varied contexts, the concept of people had different meanings that sought the political legitimacy of the exercise of power among the various political and social actors: for example, a meaning between disqualifying and denigrating as vulgar, populace, lower class, and, on the other hand, a sense alluding to educated or distinguished people of society, different from the mob. In other words, we are witnessing the politicization of the concept according to the contexts, interests, and, the vicissitudes of the war of independence.

摘要

拉丁美洲独立 200 周年的纪念活动对史学而言意义重大且意义重大。政治和文化史及其与概念史的联系为我们提供了新颖的解释。在这些视角下，本研究旨在分析独立战争期间美西媒体对人的概念的政治用途。目的是以相关的方式了解布宜诺斯艾利斯、智利圣地亚哥和利马出版社从 1810 年 5 月布宜诺斯艾利斯革命、上秘鲁战争、智利独立中的人民概念的使用和复杂性，和秘鲁的圣马丁保护国 (1821-1822)。在这些不同的背景下，人的概念具有不同的含义，旨在寻求各种政治和社会行为者之间行使权力的政治合法性：例如，在取消资格和诋毁为粗俗、平民、下层阶级之间的含义，以及另一方面，暗指社会中受过教育或杰出的人，不同于暴民。换句话说，我们正在目睹这一概念根据背景、利益和独立战争的变迁而被政治化。