Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in uncertain emerging markets tend to pursue exploitation at the expense of exploration. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether social capital can alleviate this imbalance by supporting the firms' ambidexterity, and thus the performance of such firms. Using survey data from high-tech SMEs in Turkish technoparks, Phase 1 of the study tests a mainstream serial mediation model, where the social capital–performance relationship is mediated by information sharing and ambidexterity dimensions (exploration and exploitation). The results show that rather than merely forming structural social capital linkages, firms also need to develop relational social capital for higher ambidexterity and performance. Phase 2 of the study elaborates on these findings through interviews with 12 technopark firm managers regarding information sharing, collaborations, and innovative activities. The findings in this phase provide strong evidence that low generalized trust in the Turkish context plays an inhibiting role in the process from social capital to firm performance.

中文翻译：

---

土耳其科技园区公司的社会资本、信息共享、二元性和绩效

不确定的新兴市场中的中小型企业 (SME) 倾向于以牺牲勘探为代价进行开发。本研究的目的是调查社会资本是否可以通过支持企业的二元性来缓解这种不平衡，从而改善这些企业的绩效。该研究的第一阶段使用来自土耳其科技园区的高科技中小企业的调查数据，测试了一种主流的串行中介模型，其中社会资本-绩效关系由信息共享和双元性维度（探索和开发）进行中介。结果表明，企业不仅需要形成结构性社会资本联系，还需要发展关系型社会资本以获得更高的灵活性和绩效。该研究的第 2 阶段通过与 12 位科技园公司经理就信息共享、合作和创新活动进行访谈，详细阐述了这些发现。这一阶段的研究结果提供了强有力的证据，表明土耳其背景下的低普遍信任在从社会资本到企业绩效的过程中起着抑制作用。