ABSTRACT

This paper presents a review on more than hundred years of palaeoenvironmental research in Sweden; from early descriptions of peat and tufa deposits in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to multiproxy transfer function studies in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries CE. Research on Holocene climate variability has a long history in Sweden and many ideas and concepts about changes in temperature and precipitation during the Holocene originated in Fennoscandia. The Holocene climate evolution in Sweden follows a pattern in common for many northern latitude records with a rapid warming starting at the Pleistocene–Holocene boundary at c. 11 650 cal a BP, followed by the middle Holocene thermal maximum between c. 8000 and 5000 cal a BP. A change to colder and wetter conditions starts c. 4000 cal a BP and lasts until the late 1800 s CE. There is evidence for climatic anomalies such as the 8.2 and 4.2 ka BP events and the Little Ice Age (LIA) but only inconclusive evidence for other events, such as the 10.3 ka BP event. The main pattern of Holocene climate and environmental evolution is well known for most parts of Sweden, but the present review also shows that several research questions remain to be addressed.

摘要

本文回顾了瑞典一百多年的古环境研究；从 19 世纪末和 20 世纪初对泥炭和凝灰岩矿床的早期描述到公元 20 世纪末和 21 世纪初的多代理传递函数研究。全新世气候变率的研究在瑞典有着悠久的历史，许多关于全新世气温和降水变化的思想和观念起源于芬诺斯坎迪亚。瑞典的全新世气候演变遵循许多北纬记录的共同模式，从更新世 - 全新世边界开始快速变暖 c。11 650 cal a BP，其次是c之间的全新世中期热最大值。8000 和 5000 卡一个 BP。开始向更冷和更潮湿的条件变化 c. 4000 cal a BP 并持续到公元 1800 年代后期。有气候异常的证据，例如 8.2 和 4.2 ka BP 事件以及小冰河时代 (LIA)，但对于其他事件，例如 10.3 ka BP 事件，只有不确定的证据。全新世气候和环境演变的主要模式在瑞典大部分地区是众所周知的，但目前的审查还表明，仍有几个研究问题有待解决。