ABSTRACT

This manuscript seeks to recover and properly recognize the public relations efforts of social justice crusader Daisy Gatson Bates (1914–99), the co-owner of the Arkansas State Press and a state-level NAACP organizer, during the early years of the civil rights movement. The purpose of this study is to intervene in the “Great (White) Man’s” account of public relations history by documenting the public relations tactics that Daisy Bates implemented in her advocacy campaign for school integration, analyzing the motivations behind her deployment of the tactics, and evaluating the successes and failures of her strategies. To engage in that endeavor, we analyzed available archival sources, including correspondence between Bates and the NAACP housed at the University of Arkansas and the Library of Congress. We also examined other primary sources, such as official records of the Associated Press, published memoirs of Bates and Melba Pattillo Beals, published editorials in the local Arkansas State Press, and newspaper coverage in White mainstream national news outlets and the Black press, including circulation leaders such as the New York Times and Chicago Defender.

摘要

这份手稿旨在恢复和正确承认阿肯色州出版社的共同所有人、社会正义斗士黛西·加特森·贝茨 (Daisy Gatson Bates，1914-99 年) 的公共关系努力在民权运动的早期，他是一个州级的全国有色人种协进会组织者。本研究的目的是通过记录黛西贝茨在倡导学校融合的宣传活动中实施的公共关系策略，分析她部署这些策略背后的动机，从而干预“伟大（白人）男人”对公共关系历史的描述，并评估她的策略的成功和失败。为了参与这项工作，我们分析了可用的档案资源，包括贝茨与位于阿肯色大学和国会图书馆的全国有色人种协进会之间的通信。我们还检查了其他主要来源，例如美联社的官方记录、已出版的 Bates 和 Melba Pattillo Beals 回忆录、在当地阿肯色州出版社发表的社论，以及白人主流国家新闻媒体和黑人媒体的报纸报道，包括《纽约时报》和《芝加哥后卫》等发行量领先者。