Thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion is a common neurologic complaint in dogs and is associated with debilitating pain that requires careful analgesic management to avoid the transition to a chronic pain state. Recently, there has been an increased effort to incorporate regional anaesthetic techniques whenever possible, both for perioperative analgesia management and for prevention of chronic pain. A novel regional anaesthetic technique named retrolaminar block is a fascial plane block where the local anaesthetic is injected directly on top of the dorsal aspect of the vertebral lamina, in the fascial plane between the lamina and the epaxial muscles. The technique was recently described in humans and it is claimed to provide analgesia in patients undergoing thoracic and lumbar procedures. To the authors’ knowledge, the retrolaminar block has not been previously reported in live dogs. Seven dogs presented to our hospital for suspected thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion were anaesthetised using an anaesthetic premedication and induction protocol tailored for each individual animal. Once the suspected diagnosis was confirmed, all seven dogs were placed in sternal recumbency, and the target thoracolumbar vertebral spinous process was identified with palpation. A unilateral retrolaminar block was performed in all dogs with 2 mg/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine. Physiologic parameters, as well as responses to nociceptive stimuli, were monitored throughout the anaesthetic event. Intraoperatively, one dog required a bolus of fentanyl to control nociceptive stimulation while the epaxial muscles were retracted. No further intraoperative rescue analgesia was required in any of the cases. The postoperative pain was assessed using the Short Form of Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale for dogs every four hours for the duration of the dogs’ hospitalization. The retrolaminar block reduced the intraoperative requirement for systemic opioids and other adjunct analgesic agents and all dogs were comfortable throughout their hospitalization and up until the time of their discharge. This case report presents the performance of the retrolaminar block technique as part of multimodal analgesia management in seven dogs undergoing thoracolumbar spinal surgery.

中文翻译：

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七只接受脊柱手术的狗的胸腰椎椎板后阻滞

胸腰椎椎间盘突出是犬常见的神经系统疾病，并与使人衰弱的疼痛相关，需要仔细镇痛管理以避免转变为慢性疼痛状态。最近，为了围手术期镇痛管理和预防慢性疼痛，尽可能多地采用局部麻醉技术。一种称为椎板后阻滞的新型局部麻醉技术是一种筋膜平面阻滞，将局部麻醉剂直接注射到椎板背侧顶部，在椎板和外周肌肉之间的筋膜平面内。该技术最近在人类身上得到了描述，据称它可以为接受胸椎和腰椎手术的患者提供镇痛。据作者所知，以前没有在活狗中报道过椎板后阻滞。因疑似胸腰椎间盘突出而到我们医院就诊的七只狗使用为每只动物量身定制的麻醉前用药和诱导方案进行麻醉。一旦疑似诊断得到确认，所有七只狗都被置于胸骨卧位，并通过触诊确定目标胸腰椎棘突。用 2 mg/kg 0.25% 布比卡因对所有犬进行单侧椎板后阻滞。在整个麻醉过程中监测生理参数以及对伤害性刺激的反应。术中，一只狗需要一剂芬太尼来控制伤害性刺激，同时牵开外轴肌。在任何情况下都不需要进一步的术中救援镇痛。在狗住院期间，每四小时使用狗的短形式格拉斯哥综合测量疼痛量表评估术后疼痛。椎板后阻滞减少了术中对全身性阿片类药物和其他辅助镇痛剂的需求，所有狗在整个住院期间和出院前都感到舒适。本病例报告介绍了椎板后阻滞技术作为多模式镇痛管理的一部分在七只接受胸腰椎手术的狗中的表现。椎板后阻滞减少了术中对全身性阿片类药物和其他辅助镇痛剂的需求，所有狗在整个住院期间和出院前都感到舒适。本病例报告介绍了椎板后阻滞技术作为多模式镇痛管理的一部分在七只接受胸腰椎手术的狗中的表现。椎板后阻滞减少了术中对全身性阿片类药物和其他辅助镇痛剂的需求，所有狗在整个住院期间和出院前都感到舒适。本病例报告介绍了椎板后阻滞技术作为多模式镇痛管理的一部分在七只接受胸腰椎手术的狗中的表现。