ABSTRACT

Of all the inputs into housing production, land can be the most challenging to source. Over the last decade, the land promotion sector has taken a much more prominent role in converting the planning status of land in return for a proportion of the resultant increase in land value. This paper explores the significance of specialist land promoters in the strategic housing land market in the UK. The paper makes three contributions. First, it maps the range of organisations that promote land through the UK planning system and demonstrates the diversity and definitional fuzziness of the organisations operating in the contemporary UK land market. Second, in contrast to prior studies which have grouped specialist land promoters with other types of market actor, it finds that specialist land promoters made a relatively small contribution to the supply of housing land in the study period. Third, the paper shows that housebuilders account for a minority of planning consents for residential development, thereby suggesting that the degree of vertical integration in the land and housing development sector in the UK may be lower than presumed.

摘要

在房屋生产的所有投入中，土地的来源可能是最具挑战性的。在过去十年中，土地促进部门在转变土地规划状态方面发挥了更加突出的作用，以换取一定比例的土地价值增加。本文探讨了专业土地发起人在英国战略性住房土地市场中的重要性。这篇论文做出了三个贡献。首先，它描绘了通过英国规划系统推广土地的组织范围，并展示了在当代英国土地市场上运作的组织的多样性和定义的模糊性。其次，与之前将专业土地发起人与其他类型的市场参与者归为一类的研究相比，研究发现，专业土地发起人在研究期间对住房用地供应的贡献相对较小。第三，该论文表明，房屋建筑商只占住宅开发规划许可的少数，从而表明英国土地和住房开发部门的垂直整合程度可能低于假定。