Here, we studied the influence of pre- and post-thermal annealing on the performance of polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells using the conventional architecture, comprising a conjugated polymer, namely, poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and a fullerene derivative [6,6]-phenyl-C60-butyric acid methyl ester (PC60BM) as a photoactive layer. The non-annealed active layer device exhibited a power conversion efficiency of <1 % , which was significantly lower than the pre- and post-annealed devices. To investigate the impact of pre- and post thermal annealing on the natural morphological state of the polymer, regiorandom (P3HT-I) and regioregular (P3HT-II) type P3HT were compared in photoactive layers. In general, P3HT-I is amorphous, whereas P3HT-II is semi-crystalline. Changes in solar cell performance were associated with changes in carrier extraction efficiencies influenced by the annealing conditions. The charge photogeneration processes were investigated using spectroscopic techniques, including electroluminescence, steady-state, and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. Finally, to explore the morphological changes upon annealing, atomic force microscopy and electroluminescence imaging measurements were performed on films and solar cells, respectively.

中文翻译：

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P3HT：从教学的角度看 PCBM 聚合物太阳能电池

在这里，我们研究了热退火前后对聚合物性能的影响：富勒烯本体异质结太阳能电池使用传统结构，包括共轭聚合物，即聚（3-己基噻吩-2,5-二基）（ P3HT) 和富勒烯衍生物 [6,6]-苯基-C60-丁酸甲酯 (PC60BM) 作为光敏层。未退火的有源层器件表现出<1%的功率转换效率，显着低于退火前和退火后的器件。为了研究热退火前后对聚合物自然形态状态的影响，在光敏层中比较了区域随机 (P3HT-I) 和区域规则 (P3HT-II) 型 P3HT。通常，P3HT-I 是无定形的，而 P3HT-II 是半结晶的。太阳能电池性能的变化与受退火条件影响的载流子提取效率的变化有关。使用光谱技术研究电荷光产生过程，包括电致发光、稳态和时间分辨光致发光光谱。最后，为了探索退火后的形态变化，分别对薄膜和太阳能电池进行原子力显微镜和电致发光成像测量。