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Simulating the impacts of and adaptation options for increasing air temperature on chalky rice grains in the Kyushu region of Japan
Journal of Agricultural Meteorology ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-10-10 , DOI: 10.2480/agrmet.d-22-00017
Yoshiyuki Kinose 1 , Riku Seita 2
Affiliation  

In the Kyushu region of Japan, the occurrence of chalky rice grains caused by high air temperatures is a concern for a major local cultivar, Hinohikari. To avoid heat stress, a cultivar shift to Nikomaru, which is highly tolerant to high temperatures, is expected in this region. However, it is unknown how effective the shifting cultivar is for avoiding the heat‑induced chalky grains under possible high air temperature in the future. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to simulate the impacts of increased air temperature on chalky grains in Hinohikari and Nikomaru based on 10 future climate scenarios, derived from a combination of five general circulation models and two representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios. Under RCP2.6 and RCP8.5, the median percentages of chalky grains in Hinohikari averaged over the entire Kyushu region were 29.6% and 42.8% in 2041‑2060 and 31.4% and 83.6% in 2081‑2100, respectively. While the cultivar shift to Nikomaru reduced them by approximately 20‑30%, the damage could not be reduced to below approximately 10% under RCP8.5. Furthermore, we tested the effects of other adaptation options: late transplanting. Although implementing both adaptation options, a cultivar shift and late transplanting, was somewhat effective in the middle of the 21st century, it could not suppress the heat‑induced incidence of chalky rice grains in 2081‑2100 under RCP8.5. Therefore, other adaptation options and mitigation measures may be needed in the end of the 21st century under possible high air temperatures.



中文翻译:

模拟日本九州地区气温升高对白垩米粒的影响和适应方案

在日本九州地区,高温引起的白垩米粒的出现是当地主要栽培品种日野光的担忧。为避免热应激,预计该地区将转向耐高温的 Nikomaru 品种。然而,目前尚不清楚在未来可能的高气温下,该品种在避免热诱导白垩粒方面的效果如何。因此,在本研究中,我们旨在基于 10 种未来气候情景模拟气温升高对日光和 Nikomaru 的白垩颗粒的影响,这些情景来自五种大气环流模型和两种代表性浓度路径 (RCP) 情景的组合。在 RCP2.6 和 RCP8.5 下,2041-2060 年和 2081-2100 年,桧光的白垩粒平均百分比分别为 29.6% 和 42.8%,分别为 31.4% 和 83.6%。虽然向 Nikomaru 的品种转移减少了大约 20-30%,但在 RCP8.5 下,伤害不能降低到大约 10% 以下。此外,我们测试了其他适应选项的效果:后期移植。尽管在 21 世纪中叶实施品种转换和晚移栽这两种适应方案都有些效果,但在 RCP8.5 下,它并不能抑制 2081-2100 年白垩米粒的热诱发发病率。因此,在 21 世纪末,在可能的高温下,可能需要其他适应方案和缓解措施。分别。虽然向 Nikomaru 的品种转移减少了大约 20-30%,但在 RCP8.5 下,伤害不能降低到大约 10% 以下。此外,我们测试了其他适应选项的效果:后期移植。尽管在 21 世纪中叶实施品种转换和晚移栽这两种适应方案都有些效果,但在 RCP8.5 下,它并不能抑制 2081-2100 年白垩米粒的热诱发发病率。因此,在 21 世纪末,在可能的高温下,可能需要其他适应方案和缓解措施。分别。虽然向 Nikomaru 的品种转移减少了大约 20-30%,但在 RCP8.5 下,伤害不能降低到大约 10% 以下。此外,我们测试了其他适应选项的效果:后期移植。尽管在 21 世纪中叶实施品种转换和晚移栽这两种适应方案都有些效果,但在 RCP8.5 下,它并不能抑制 2081-2100 年白垩米粒的热诱发发病率。因此,在 21 世纪末,在可能的高温下,可能需要其他适应方案和缓解措施。晚移植。尽管在 21 世纪中叶实施品种转换和晚移栽这两种适应方案都有些效果,但在 RCP8.5 下,它并不能抑制 2081-2100 年白垩米粒的热诱发发病率。因此,在 21 世纪末,在可能的高温下,可能需要其他适应方案和缓解措施。晚移植。尽管在 21 世纪中叶实施品种转换和晚移栽这两种适应方案都有些效果,但在 RCP8.5 下,它并不能抑制 2081-2100 年白垩米粒的热诱发发病率。因此,在 21 世纪末,在可能的高温下,可能需要其他适应方案和缓解措施。

更新日期:2022-10-10
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