summary:

This paper argues that the social structures of the classical and early Hellenistic polis were governed by a normative "hierarchy of violence" that rendered free Greek non-citizens vulnerable to extrajudicial harm. It looks beyond the legal protections afforded to some outsiders and explains that the use of extrajudicial violence was considered the prerogative of the nominally untouchable citizen. I conclude that hierarchies of violence persisted to varying degrees in poleis throughout the Aegean world, as citizens sought to preserve and enforce their privileges over outsiders while seeking to financially profit from the opportunities brought about by new commercial prospects.

概括：

本文认为，古典和早期希腊化城邦的社会结构受到规范的“暴力等级”的支配，这使得自由的希腊非公民容易受到法外伤害。它超越了为某些外人提供的法律保护，并解释说使用法外暴力被认为是名义上不可触碰的公民的特权。我的结论是，在整个爱琴海世界的波兰，暴力等级制度不同程度地持续存在，因为公民试图维护和加强他们对外人的特权，同时寻求从新的商业前景带来的机会中获得经济利益。