Although the underlying cause may vary across countries and demographic groups, liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Orthotopic liver transplantation is the only definitive treatment for liver failure but is limited by the lack of donor livers. The development of drugs that prevent the progression of liver disease and the generation of alternative liver constructs for transplantation could help alleviate the burden of liver disease. Bioengineered livers containing human iPSC-derived liver cells are being utilized to study liver disease and to identify and test potential therapeutics. Moreover, bioengineered livers containing pig hepatocytes and endothelial cells have been shown to function and survive after transplantation into pig models of liver failure providing pre-clinical evidence toward future clinical applications. Finally, bioengineered livers containing human iPSC-derived liver cells have been shown to function and survive after transplantation in rodents but require considerable optimization and testing prior to clinical use. In conclusion, bioengineered livers have emerged as a suitable tool for modeling liver diseases and as a promising alternative graft for clinical transplantation. The integration of novel technologies and techniques for the assembly and analysis of bioengineered livers will undoubtedly expand future applications in basic research and clinical transplantation.

尽管根本原因可能因国家和人口群体而异，但肝病是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因。原位肝移植是治疗肝衰竭的唯一确定性治疗方法，但由于缺乏供体肝脏而受到限制。预防肝病进展的药物的开发和用于移植的替代肝构建体的产生可以帮助减轻肝病的负担。含有人类 iPSC 衍生肝细胞的生物工程肝脏正被用于研究肝病以及识别和测试潜在的治疗方法。而且，含有猪肝细胞和内皮细胞的生物工程肝脏已被证明在移植到肝衰竭的猪模型中后能够发挥作用并存活下来，为未来的临床应用提供了临床前证据。最后，含有人类 iPSC 衍生肝细胞的生物工程肝脏已被证明在啮齿类动物移植后能够发挥作用并存活下来，但在临床使用之前需要大量优化和测试。总之，生物工程肝脏已成为模拟肝病的合适工具，并作为临床移植的有前途的替代移植物。生物工程肝脏组装与分析新技术与新工艺的整合无疑将拓展未来在基础研究与临床移植方面的应用。含有人类 iPSC 衍生肝细胞的生物工程肝脏已被证明在啮齿类动物移植后能够发挥作用并存活下来，但在临床使用之前需要大量优化和测试。总之，生物工程肝脏已成为模拟肝病的合适工具，并作为临床移植的有前途的替代移植物。生物工程肝脏组装与分析新技术与新工艺的整合无疑将拓展未来在基础研究与临床移植方面的应用。含有人类 iPSC 衍生肝细胞的生物工程肝脏已被证明在啮齿类动物移植后能够发挥作用并存活下来，但在临床使用之前需要大量优化和测试。总之，生物工程肝脏已成为模拟肝病的合适工具，并作为临床移植的有前途的替代移植物。生物工程肝脏组装与分析新技术与新工艺的整合无疑将拓展未来在基础研究与临床移植方面的应用。生物工程肝脏已成为模拟肝病的合适工具，并作为临床移植的有前途的替代移植物。生物工程肝脏组装与分析新技术与新工艺的整合无疑将拓展未来在基础研究与临床移植方面的应用。生物工程肝脏已成为模拟肝病的合适工具，并作为临床移植的有前途的替代移植物。生物工程肝脏组装与分析新技术与新工艺的整合无疑将拓展未来在基础研究与临床移植方面的应用。