ABSTRACT

This paper offers an integrative review of the concept of dysfunctional trust from a trust and bias research perspective. Trust and cognitive/social biases are isomorphically related concepts in their functions as reducers of cognitive effort and facilitators/inhibitors of action. In the case of dysfunctional trust and distrust, bias perspectives contribute theoretically to a framework for the study of the ‘errors’ in decision-making that lead to dysfunctional outcomes of trusting. By reviewing biases and their role in generating trust and the converse, the biasing role of trust within a trust antecedent framework, the review integrates the conceptual linkages between research on bias and heuristics and research on trust, providing a basis for further research and practical applications in educational, business, political, and media domains. The paper makes recommendations for research and practical applications to mitigate the impacts of misinformation, bias in decision-making and dysfunctional trust. Attending to cognitive and other biases in situations involving trust promises to support greater informational resilience by raising metacognitive awareness of bias and trust in human decision-making.

摘要

本文从信任和偏见研究的角度对功能失调的信任概念进行了综合回顾。信任和认知/社会偏见是同构相关的概念，它们的功能是认知努力的减少者和行动的促进者/抑制剂。在信任和不信任功能失调的情况下，偏见观点在理论上有助于研究决策中导致信任功能失调结果的“错误”的框架。通过回顾偏见及其在产生信任中的作用，以及信任在信任前因框架中的偏见作用，该评论整合了偏见和启发式研究与信任研究之间的概念联系，为进一步研究和实际应用提供了基础在教育、商业、政治和媒体领域。该论文为研究和实际应用提出了建议，以减轻错误信息、决策偏见和功能失调的信任的影响。在涉及信任的情况下关注认知和其他偏见有望通过提高对偏见的元认知意识和对人类决策的信任来支持更大的信息弹性。