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Socioeconomic Variation in the Relationship Between Neighbourhoods’ Built Environments and the Spread of COVID-19 in Toronto, Canada
Canadian Studies in Population ( IF 0.852 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s42650-022-00070-6
Kate H Choi 1 , Patrick Denice 1
Affiliation  

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic underscores the importance of place of residence as a determinant of health. Prior work has primarily examined the relationship between neighbourhoods’ sociodemographic traits and COVID-19 infection rates. Using data from the City of Toronto, Canada, we assess how the built environments of neighbourhoods, in conjunction with their sociodemographic profiles, shape the pattern of spread of COVID-19 in low-, middle-, and high-income neighbourhoods. Our results show that COVID-19 spread faster in neighbourhoods with a higher share of overcrowded households, large commercial areas, and poor walkability. The extent to which neighbourhood walkability is associated with a slower increase in COVID-19 infections varied by neighbourhood income level, with a stronger negative association in low-income neighbourhoods. Net of the share of overcrowded households, population density is associated with a faster increase in COVID-19 infections in low-income neighbourhoods, but slower increase in high-income neighbourhoods. More green space is associated with a slower increase in COVID-19 infections in low-income, but not higher-income, neighbourhoods. Overall, our findings suggest that post-pandemic urban planning efforts cannot adopt a one-size-fits-all policy when reconstructing neighbourhoods in ways that promote health and reduce their vulnerability to infectious diseases. Instead, they should tailor the rebuilding process in ways that address the diverse needs of residents in low-, middle-, and high-income neighbourhoods.



中文翻译:

加拿大多伦多社区建筑环境与 COVID-19 传播之间关系的社会经济变化

新型冠状病毒病 2019 (COVID-19) 大流行凸显了居住地作为健康决定因素的重要性。之前的工作主要研究了社区的社会人口特征与 COVID-19 感染率之间的关系。我们使用来自加拿大多伦多市的数据,评估社区的建筑环境及其社会人口特征如何影响 COVID-19 在低收入、中等收入和高收入社区的传播模式。我们的结果表明,COVID-19 在过度拥挤的家庭、大型商业区和步行不便的社区中传播速度更快。社区步行能力与 COVID-19 感染缓慢增长的相关程度因社区收入水平而异,在低收入社区中具有更强的负相关性。扣除过度拥挤家庭的比例后,人口密度与低收入社区 COVID-19 感染的快速增长有关,但与高收入社区的增长较慢有关。更多的绿地与低收入社区(而非高收入社区)的 COVID-19 感染率增长放缓有关。总体而言,我们的研究结果表明,大流行后的城市规划工作在以促进健康和降低传染病易感性的方式重建社区时不能采用一刀切的政策。相反,他们应该调整重建过程,以满足低、中、高收入社区居民的不同需求。人口密度与低收入社区 COVID-19 感染的快速增长有关,但与高收入社区的增长较慢有关。更多的绿地与低收入社区(而非高收入社区)的 COVID-19 感染率增长放缓有关。总体而言,我们的研究结果表明,大流行后的城市规划工作在以促进健康和降低传染病易感性的方式重建社区时不能采用一刀切的政策。相反,他们应该调整重建过程,以满足低、中、高收入社区居民的不同需求。人口密度与低收入社区 COVID-19 感染的快速增长有关,但与高收入社区的增长较慢有关。更多的绿地与低收入社区(而非高收入社区)的 COVID-19 感染率增长放缓有关。总体而言,我们的研究结果表明,大流行后的城市规划工作在以促进健康和降低传染病易感性的方式重建社区时不能采用一刀切的政策。相反,他们应该调整重建过程,以满足低、中、高收入社区居民的不同需求。更多的绿地与低收入社区(而非高收入社区)的 COVID-19 感染率增长放缓有关。总体而言,我们的研究结果表明,大流行后的城市规划工作在以促进健康和降低传染病易感性的方式重建社区时不能采用一刀切的政策。相反,他们应该调整重建过程,以满足低、中、高收入社区居民的不同需求。更多的绿地与低收入社区(而非高收入社区)的 COVID-19 感染率增长放缓有关。总体而言,我们的研究结果表明,大流行后的城市规划工作在以促进健康和降低传染病易感性的方式重建社区时不能采用一刀切的政策。相反,他们应该调整重建过程,以满足低、中、高收入社区居民的不同需求。

更新日期:2022-09-03
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