ABSTRACT

The interaction of viking groups with different parts of the Iberian Peninsula was characterised in the medieval written sources as piratic, violent and feared. However, that the most visible face of viking-Iberian interaction was hostile does not mean that other forms of interaction did not occur. Like anywhere else in the viking diaspora, complex relationships of trade, exchange and collaboration also took place. In this article, I will analyse one kind of non-violent interaction: mercenary activity. In order to do so, I will review three case-studies that showcase Scandinavian mercenary services in Galicia. I will emphasise the necessity to understand Norse-Galician contact as constant and multifaceted and underline the role of opportunism in defining viking relationships with Galicia.

摘要

维京团体与伊比利亚半岛不同地区的互动在中世纪的书面资料中被描述为海盗、暴力和恐惧。然而，维京人与伊比利亚人互动中最明显的一面是敌对的，但这并不意味着其他形式的互动没有发生。与维京侨民中的其他任何地方一样，复杂的贸易、交流和合作关系也发生了。在这篇文章中，我将分析一种非暴力的互动方式：佣兵活动。为此，我将回顾三个案例研究，这些案例研究展示了加利西亚的斯堪的纳维亚雇佣军服务。我将强调将北欧与加利西亚人的接触理解为持续和多方面的必要性，并强调机会主义在定义维京人与加利西亚的关系中的作用。