This study examines how technological entrepreneurship affects national innovativeness based on the Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship. It also examines how technological environments related to intellectual property protection and R&D transfer moderate this relationship. Based on data from 82 countries on technological entrepreneurship, intellectual property protection and innovation activities, this study finds that a higher ratio of technological entrepreneurship in the country enhances national innovativeness. In addition, the level of R&D transfer environment is found to negatively moderate this relationship, and evidence is found for a negative moderating effect of the strength of the intellectual property protection environment in a subsample of innovation-driven economies.

中文翻译：

---

考察科技创业与国家创新能力的关系：知识产权保护与研发转移环境的调节作用

本研究基于创业的知识溢出理论，探讨科技创业如何影响国家创新。它还研究了与知识产权保护和研发转移相关的技术环境如何缓和这种关系。基于来自 82 个国家的科技创业、知识产权保护和创新活动数据，本研究发现，该国较高的科技创业比例可以增强国家创新能力。此外，研究发现研发转移环境水平对这种关系有负向调节作用，并发现知识产权保护环境强度在创新驱动经济体的子样本中具有负调节作用。