In 1896 and 1919, respectively, Wicksell and Lindahl analyzed the public provision of public goods through parliamentary negotiation. Later, Roemer applied Kant's 1785 imperatives to the private provision of public goods by voluntary contributions. Our focal equilibrium notions are the balanced linear cost-share equilibrium for the Wicksell–Lindahl approach and the multiplicative Kantian equilibrium in the Kant–Roemer modeling. These turn out to be fundamentally equivalent, being defined by the same individual optimization problem. These notions fit well with the idea that technology is publicly owned, but we also extend them to cover private-ownership economies with exogenously given profit shares. We show that the equivalence between the Wicksell–Lindahl and Kant–Roemer notions carries over to them.

中文翻译：

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康德和林达尔*

1896 年和 1919 年，维克塞尔和林达尔分别分析了通过议会谈判提供公共物品的情况。后来，罗默将康德 1785 年的命令应用于私人通过自愿捐款提供公共物品。我们的焦点均衡概念是 Wicksell-Lindahl 方法的平衡线性成本分摊均衡和 Kant-Roemer 模型中的乘法康德均衡。结果证明它们在根本上是等价的，由相同的个体优化问题定义。这些概念非常符合技术公有的观点，但我们也将它们扩展到包含具有外生利润份额的私有制经济体。我们证明了 Wicksell-Lindahl 和 Kant-Roemer 概念之间的等价性适用于它们。