The relationship between entrepreneurial orientations and internationalization has been examined extensively, but the recent developments in the rapidly changing environment point to the need for further examination of international entrepreneurs’ orientations in their own embedding contexts and beyond. There is ample evidence suggesting a positive relationship between the firm’s combined overall international entrepreneurial orientation, its extent of innovativeness, export (or international marketing), collaborative, and socio-cultural orientations and the scope and speed of its internationalization. The aim of this article is to examine the challenges and developments among the integral components of international entrepreneurial orientations and their associated activities, strategies, and resources to integrate their interactive impacts for better understanding of the broader concepts of international entrepreneurship orientations and international entrepreneurship capital in the increasing complexities of entrepreneurial internationalization processes.

企业家取向与国际化之间的关系已被广泛研究，但在快速变化的环境中的最新发展表明，需要进一步检查国际企业家在其自身嵌入环境和其他环境中的取向。有充分的证据表明，公司的综合国际创业导向、创新程度、出口（或国际营销）、协作和社会文化导向与其国际化的范围和速度之间存在正相关关系。本文的目的是研究国际创业方向的组成部分及其相关活动、战略、在日益复杂的创业国际化过程中，国际创业导向和国际创业资本。