This study compared the recommended dose of sodium citrate (SC, 500 mg/kg body mass) and sodium bicarbonate (SB, 300 mg/kg body mass) for blood alkalosis (blood [HCO₃⁻]) and gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS; number and severity). Sixteen healthy individuals ingested the supplements in a randomized, crossover design. Gelatin capsules were ingested over 15 min alongside a carbohydrate-rich meal, after which participants remained seated for forearm venous blood sample collection and completion of GIS questionnaires every 30 min for 300 min. Time-course and session value (i.e., peak and time to peak) comparisons of SC and SB supplementation were performed using linear mixed models. Peak blood [HCO₃⁻] was similar for SC (mean 34.2, 95% confidence intervals [33.4, 35.0] mmol/L) and SB (mean 33.6, 95% confidence intervals [32.8, 34.5] mmol/L, p = .308), as was delta blood [HCO₃⁻] (SC = 7.9 mmol/L; SB = 7.3 mmol/L, p = .478). Blood [HCO₃⁻] was ≥6 mmol/L above baseline from 180 to 240 min postingestion for SC, significantly later than for SB (120–180 min; p < .001). GIS were mostly minor, and peaked 80–90 min postingestion for SC, and 35–50 min postingestion for SB. There were no significant differences for the number or severity of GIS reported (p > .05 for all parameters). In summary, the recommended doses of SC and SB induce similar blood alkalosis and GIS, but with a different time course.

本研究比较了柠檬酸钠（SC，500 mg/kg 体重）和碳酸氢钠（SB，300 mg/kg 体重）对血碱中毒（血液 [HCO ₃ ⁻ ]）和胃肠道症状（GIS；数和严重性）。十六名健康人在随机交叉设计中摄入了这些补充剂。明胶胶囊与富含碳水化合物的膳食一起被摄入超过 15 分钟，之后参与者保持坐姿，每 30 分钟采集一次前臂静脉血样并完成 GIS 问卷，持续 300 分钟。使用线性混合模型对 SC 和 SB 补充剂的时程和会话值（即峰值和达到峰值的时间）进行比较。血峰 [HCO ₃ ⁻] 与 SC（平均 34.2，95% 置信区间 [33.4，35.0] mmol/L）和 SB（平均 33.6，95% 置信区间 [32.8，34.5] mmol/L，p  = .308）相似，delta 也是如此血液 [HCO ₃ ⁻ ]（SC = 7.9 mmol/L；SB = 7.3 mmol/L，p  = .478）。SC 摄入后 180 至 240 分钟，血液 [HCO ₃ ^- ] 高于基线 ≥ 6 mmol/L，明显晚于 SB（120-180 分钟；p  < .001）。GIS 大多是轻微的，SC 在摄入后 80-90 分钟达到峰值，SB 在摄入后 35-50 分钟达到峰值。报告的 GIS 的数量或严重程度没有显着差异（p > .05 对于所有参数）。总之，推荐剂量的 SC 和 SB 引起相似的血碱中毒和 GIS，但时间进程不同。