Pediatric stroke is associated with a range of maladaptive cognitive and behavioral outcomes that often require targeted intervention. Despite increasing research on neuropsychological outcomes over the past decade, evidence for effective therapies and interventions for the most commonly reported cognitive and behavioral challenges is still limited. The most widely prescribed interventions address more overt deficits in sensorimotor and speech/language functions, yet interventions for higher-order cognitive, linguistic and behavioral deficits are notably less defined. Moreover, concepts of rehabilitation in adult stroke cannot be easily translated directly to pediatric populations because the effect of stroke and recovery in the developing brain takes a very different course than in the mature brain. In pediatric stroke, neuropsychological deficits often emerge gradually over time necessitating a long-term approach to intervention. Furthermore, family and school context often play a much larger role. The goal of this review is to describe cognitive and behavioral interventions for perinatal and childhood stroke, as motor rehabilitation is covered elsewhere in this issue. We also discuss cognitive aspects of current rehabilitative therapies and technology. Acknowledging the current limited state of stroke-specific rehabilitation research in children, findings from pediatric acquired brain injury intervention and use of transdiagnostic approaches lend important insights. Because there is limited support for single domain (cognitive) trainings and translation of research rehabilitation programs to clinical practice can be challenging, the value of holistic multidisciplinary approaches to improve everyday function in children and adolescents following stroke is emphasized.

小儿卒中与一系列通常需要有针对性干预的适应不良认知和行为结果相关。尽管在过去十年中对神经心理学结果的研究越来越多，但针对最常报告的认知和行为挑战的有效疗法和干预措施的证据仍然有限。最广泛规定的干预措施解决了感觉运动和言语/语言功能中更明显的缺陷，但针对高阶认知、语言和行为缺陷的干预措施显然不太明确。此外，成人中风的康复概念不能轻易直接转化为儿科人群，因为中风和恢复对发育中大脑的影响与成熟大脑的过程截然不同。在小儿中风中，神经心理缺陷通常会随着时间的推移逐渐出现，因此需要采取长期的干预方法。此外，家庭和学校环境往往发挥更大的作用。本综述的目的是描述围产期和儿童卒中的认知和行为干预措施，因为运动康复已在本期其他章节中介绍。我们还讨论了当前康复疗法和技术的认知方面。承认儿童中风特定康复研究的当前有限状态，儿科获得性脑损伤干预和使用跨诊断方法的发现提供了重要的见解。由于对单领域（认知）培训的支持有限，而且将研究康复计划转化为临床实践可能具有挑战性，