Digital raw images obtained from the data set of various organizations require authentication, copyright protection, and security with simple processing. New Euclidean space point’s algorithm is proposed to authenticate the images by embedding binary logos in the digital images in the spatial domain. Diffie–Hellman key exchange protocol is implemented along with the Euclidean space axioms to maintain security for the proposed work. The proposed watermarking methodology is tested on the standard set of raw grayscale and RGB color images. The watermarked images are sent in the email, WhatsApp, and Facebook and analyzed. Standard watermarking attacks are also applied to the watermarked images and analyzed. The finding shows that there are no image distortions in the communication medium of email and WhatsApp. But in the Facebook platform, raw images experience compression and observed exponential noise on the digital images. The authentication and copyright protection are tested from the processed Facebook images. It is found that the embedded logo could be recovered and seen with added noise distortions. So the proposed method offers authentication and security with compression attacks. Similarly, it is found that the proposed methodology is robust to JPEG compression, image tampering attacks like collage attack, image cropping, rotation, salt-and-pepper noise, sharpening filter, semi-robust to Gaussian filtering, and image resizing, and fragile to other geometrical attacks. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve is drawn and found that the area under the curve is approximately equal to unity and restoration accuracy of [67 to 100]% for various attacks.

从各种组织的数据集中获得的数字原始图像需要经过简单处理的身份验证、版权保护和安全性。提出了新的欧几里得空间点算法，通过在空间域的数字图像中嵌入二进制标识来验证图像。Diffie-Hellman 密钥交换协议与欧几里得空间公理一起实施，以维护拟议工作的安全性。所提出的水印方法在标准的原始灰度和 RGB 彩色图像集上进行了测试。水印图像通过电子邮件、WhatsApp 和 Facebook 发送并进行分析。标准水印攻击也适用于水印图像并进行分析。调查结果表明，电子邮件和 WhatsApp 的通信媒介中没有图像失真。但在 Facebook 平台上，原始图像经历压缩并在数字图像上观察到指数噪声。认证和版权保护是从处理后的 Facebook 图像中测试的。发现嵌入的标志可以被恢复并看到增加的噪声失真。因此，所提出的方法通过压缩攻击提供身份验证和安全性。类似地，发现所提出的方法对 JPEG 压缩、图像篡改攻击（如拼贴攻击、图像裁剪、旋转、椒盐噪声、锐化过滤器、半鲁棒到高斯滤波和图像调整大小）具有鲁棒性，并且易碎其他几何攻击。绘制接收者操作特征（ROC）曲线，发现曲线下面积约等于统一，各种攻击的恢复精度为[67至100]％。