Obesity and male infertility are problems that affect population. Exercise is a nonpharmacological way to reduce the negative health effects of obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise on hormone levels, blood-testis barrier, and inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers in rats that became obese due to a high-fat diet (HFD). Male rats received a standard diet (STD group) or a HFD (HFD group) for 18 weeks. During the final 6 weeks of the experiment, swimming exercises (1 h/5 days/week) were given to half of these animals (STD + EXC and HFD + EXC groups). Finally, blood and testicular tissues were analysed by biochemical and histological methods. Body weight, leptin, malondialdehyde, interleukin-6, TNF-alpha and myeloperoxidase levels, apoptotic cells and DNA fragmentation were increased, and testis weight, insulin, FSH, LH, testosterone, glutathione and superoxide dysmutase levels, proliferative cells, ZO-1, occludin, and gap junction protein Cx43 immunoreactivity were decreased in the HFD group. All these hormonal, morphological, oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers were enhanced in the HFD + EXC group. It is thought that exercise protected testicular cytotoxicity by regulating hormonal and oxidant/antioxidant balances and testicular function, inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis, as well as preserving blood-testis barrier.

中文翻译：

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运动改善高脂饮食诱导的睾丸损伤大鼠的睾丸形态和氧化应激参数

肥胖和男性不育是影响人口的问题。运动是一种减少肥胖对健康的负面影响的非药物方法。本研究的目的是检查运动对因高脂饮食 (HFD) 导致肥胖的大鼠的激素水平、血睾屏障以及炎症和氧化生物标志物的影响。雄性大鼠接受标准饮食（STD 组）或 HFD（HFD 组）18 周。在实验的最后 6 周内，对这些动物中的一半（STD + EXC 和 HFD + EXC 组）进行了游泳练习（1 小时/5 天/周）。最后，通过生化和组织学方法分析血液和睾丸组织。体重、瘦素、丙二醛、白细胞介素 6、TNF-α 和髓过氧化物酶水平、凋亡细胞和 DNA 片段化增加，睾丸重量、胰岛素、FSH、HFD 组的 LH、睾酮、谷胱甘肽和超氧化物歧化酶水平、增殖细胞、ZO-1、occludin 和间隙连接蛋白 Cx43 免疫反应性降低。所有这些激素、形态学、氧化和炎症生物标志物在 HFD + EXC 组中均得到增强。人们认为运动通过调节荷尔蒙和氧化/抗氧化平衡和睾丸功能、抑制炎症和细胞凋亡以及保护血-睾丸屏障来保护睾丸细胞毒性。