Both the American lobster fishery and salmon aquaculture are important to the economy of Atlantic Canada. Where these industries operate in proximity, research is needed to better understand any interactions and their possible effects. This study explored the effects of azamethiphos on survival and development of larval American lobsters, Homarus americanus, using exposures that reflect concentrations and durations of azamethiphos (anti-sea lice therapeutant used in salmon aquaculture) that can be found in the environment following treatment. In adult trials, we recorded the survival and behaviour of individuals consecutively exposed to short pulses of low concentrations of azamethiphos for a period of 1 to 4 days. Larvae from all stages (I-IV) exhibited an immobilization response when exposed to azamethiphos and that the concentration of azamethiphos that results in a 50% increase in immobilization decreases at increasing exposure time and was as low as 2.9 μgL⁻¹ for a 3 h exposure. After exposure, we registered mortality occurring within 5 days and during the moulting window. In the larval trials the concentration required to reduce the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity by 50% increased from stages I to III. In the trials conducted with adults, we observed no mortality over 21 days, but did record an increase in aggressive behaviour with an increasing number of exposures. The temporal overlap between the release of larval lobster stages and the use of azamethiphos is important to consider when assessing potential risk.

中文翻译：

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评估抗海虱杀虫剂硫唑磷对美洲龙虾 (Homarus americanus) 的幼虫和成虫的非致死性和潜在影响

美国龙虾渔业和鲑鱼水产养殖对加拿大大西洋地区的经济都很重要。在这些行业附近运营的地方，需要进行研究以更好地了解任何相互作用及其可能的影响。本研究探讨了硫唑磷对美洲龙虾幼虫生存和发育的影响，使用反映处理后环境中硫唑磷（鲑鱼水产养殖中使用的抗海虱治疗剂）的浓度和持续时间的暴露。在成人试验中，我们记录了连续暴露于低浓度氮杂甲磷短脉冲 1 至 4 天的个体的生存和行为。来自所有阶段 (I-IV) 的幼虫在暴露于氮杂甲硫磷时都表现出固定化反应，并且导致固定化增加 50% 的氮杂甲硫磷浓度随着暴露时间的增加而降低，并且低至 2.9 μgL ^-1曝光 3 小时。暴露后，我们记录了在 5 天内和换羽期内发生的死亡率。在幼虫试验中，将乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 活性降低 50% 所需的浓度从 I 阶段增加到 III 阶段。在对成年人进行的试验中，我们观察到 21 天内没有死亡，但确实记录到随着暴露次数的增加，攻击性行为有所增加。在评估潜在风险时，需要考虑幼体龙虾阶段的释放与使用硫唑磷之间的时间重叠。