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New Design Knowledge and the Fifth Order of Design
Design Issues Pub Date : 2022-10-04 , DOI: 10.1162/desi_a_00695
Marzia Mortati

In this article, I examine the foundations of design knowledge and how they have been disrupted as the design discipline moves progressively away from industrial production. I consider design knowledge as a collection of different cognitive processes for developing artifacts for the human-made world. Adopting David Kolb's (1984, p.38) definition of learning as “the process whereby knowledge is created through the transformation of experience,” I discuss the change in design knowledge by examining how the characteristics of designed items have changed. Building on theories by Neri Oxman and Richard Buchanan, I identify relevant areas of design practice in which creativity is breaking free from disciplinary silos to flow between physical, digital, metaphysical, and biological layers. I then propose an updated map of the orders of design as a thinking tool and compass. I read the evolutions of design as it enters the Fifth Order of concerns, characterized by the centrality of data both as input and as output to a design process. Today, design deals with relationships and perceptions; it dialogues with people and all species ranging from machines to micro-organisms, all of which actively participate in reaching objectives. Here, design creates conversations to achieve several goals, including engagement, discovery, and decision making. Finally, I propose a shift in the traditional principles of designing, moving away from the idea of perfect solutions and toward learning systems that are good enough for now.

中文翻译:

新的设计知识和设计的第五阶

在本文中,我研究了设计知识的基础,以及随着设计学科逐渐远离工业生产,它们是如何被破坏的。我认为设计知识是为人造世界开发人工制品的不同认知过程的集合。采用 David Kolb (1984, p.38) 将学习定义为“通过经验的转变创造知识的过程”,我通过研究设计项目的特征如何变化来讨论设计知识的变化。基于 Neri Oxman 和 Richard Buchanan 的理论,我确定了设计实践的相关领域,在这些领域中,创造力正在摆脱学科孤岛,在物理、数字、形而上学和生物层之间流动。然后,我提出了一个更新的设计顺序图,作为思考工具和指南针。我阅读了设计的演变,因为它进入了关注的第五阶,其特点是数据作为设计过程的输入和输出的中心性。今天,设计处理关系和感知;它与人类和从机器到微生物的所有物种进行对话,所有这些都积极参与实现目标。在这里,设计创建对话以实现多个目标,包括参与、发现和决策。最后,我建议改变传统的设计原则,从完美解决方案的想法转向目前已经足够好的学习系统。以数据作为设计过程的输入和输出的中心性为特征。今天,设计处理关系和感知;它与人类和从机器到微生物的所有物种进行对话,所有这些都积极参与实现目标。在这里,设计创建对话以实现多个目标,包括参与、发现和决策。最后,我建议改变传统的设计原则,从完美解决方案的想法转向目前已经足够好的学习系统。以数据作为设计过程的输入和输出的中心性为特征。今天,设计处理关系和感知;它与人类和从机器到微生物的所有物种进行对话,所有这些都积极参与实现目标。在这里,设计创建对话以实现多个目标,包括参与、发现和决策。最后,我建议改变传统的设计原则,从完美解决方案的想法转向目前已经足够好的学习系统。设计创建对话以实现多个目标,包括参与、发现和决策。最后,我建议改变传统的设计原则,从完美解决方案的想法转向目前已经足够好的学习系统。设计创建对话以实现多个目标,包括参与、发现和决策。最后,我建议改变传统的设计原则,从完美解决方案的想法转向目前已经足够好的学习系统。
更新日期:2022-10-04
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