A large body of research has focused on whether and how readers update their knowledge of events when an initial piece of causal information is corrected. These studies have indicated that corrections can reduce, but do not eliminate, readers' reliance on the initial cause when drawing inferences or making decisions about the events (i.e., the continued influence effect). Additional studies suggest that supplementing a correction with an alternative cause can further reduce reliance on discredited initial causes. In three experiments, we interrogated the importance of cause typicality for the generalizable utility of these correction strategies by manipulating the typicality of initial and alternative causes. We found evidence that participants showed greater reliance on a typical than an atypical initial cause both before and after correction, but no consistent evidence that this typicality impacted the effectiveness of the correction. Furthermore, the typicality of the alternative causes used to supplement a correction did not seem to matter with respect to updating. These results highlight the importance that characteristics of an initial cause can have for event encodings and corrections, identifying critical boundary conditions for understanding the effects of corrections on knowledge revision and the continued influence effect. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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原因典型性和持续影响效应。

大量研究集中在读者是否以及如何在纠正最初的因果信息后更新他们对事件的了解。这些研究表明，更正可以减少但不会消除读者在对事件进行推论或决策时对最初原因的依赖（即持续影响效应）。其他研究表明，用替代原因补充更正可以进一步减少对不可信的初始原因的依赖。在三个实验中，我们通过操纵初始原因和替代原因的典型性来询问原因典型性对于这些校正策略的普遍效用的重要性。我们发现有证据表明，与纠正前后的非典型初始原因相比，参与者对典型原因的依赖程度更高，但没有一致的证据表明这种典型性会影响校正的有效性。此外，用于补充更正的替代原因的典型性似乎与更新无关。这些结果强调了初始原因的特征对于事件编码和更正的重要性，确定了关键边界条件以了解更正对知识修正的影响和持续影响效应。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。这些结果强调了初始原因的特征对于事件编码和更正的重要性，确定了关键边界条件以了解更正对知识修正的影响和持续影响效应。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。这些结果强调了初始原因的特征对于事件编码和更正的重要性，确定了关键边界条件以了解更正对知识修正的影响和持续影响效应。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。