The Pb(Ni_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃ (PNN) ceramics was synthesized by two different methods, viz. (i) single step and (ii) double step. Phase formation of powders prepared by both the methods at various temperatures and lead excess were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman scattering experiments. The studies revealed that for single step method the unreacted phases diminished with increase of firing temperature and only impure nickel niobate phase remained at 1200°C. Addition of 4 wt% excess lead oxide reduced the impure nickel niobate phase concentration from 8.9% to 4.2% for the single step method. Addition of 2 wt% excess lead oxide was found sufficient to remove pyrochlore nickel niobate phase for double step method. Temperature dependent XRD showed pure phase throughout the temperature range of 35 to 350 K indicating the stability of the phase formed. The Raman study also confirmed the formation of pure perovskite phase.

Pb(Ni _1/3 Nb _2/3 )O ₃(PNN) 陶瓷是通过两种不同的方法合成的，即。(i) 单步和 (ii) 双步。通过 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和拉曼散射实验分析了两种方法在不同温度和铅过量下制备的粉末的相形成。研究表明，对于单步法，未反应的相随着烧制温度的升高而减少，只有不纯的铌酸镍相保持在 1200°C。对于单步法，添加 4 wt% 的过量氧化铅将不纯的铌酸镍相浓度从 8.9% 降低到 4.2%。发现添加 2 wt% 过量的氧化铅足以去除双步法的烧绿石铌酸镍相。温度依赖性 XRD 在 35 至 350 K 的温度范围内显示纯相，表明所形成相的稳定性。