The Cooperative Science and Monitoring Initiative aims to generate data and information to support environmental management in the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America. On a rotating basis, efforts are focused on each lake every five years. In this study, we developed a state-of-the-art hydrodynamic and ecological modeling framework to aggregate data collected during these initiative years and from other sources, and to simulate lake eutrophication processes in Lake Ontario, with an emphasis on nearshore conditions. Model calibration and validation were based primarily on data from three initiative years (2008, 2013, and 2018). This integrated model provides a framework for data organization, understanding complex lake process interactions, and guiding future data collection. It is designed as a management support tool that can simulate lake responses to changes in loading conditions, such as sensitivity of nearshore water quality to Niagara River phosphorus loads. Its designated aim is to support evaluation of management questions in Lake Ontario by providing quantitative evaluation of the relative benefits of potential nutrient loading abatement strategies to mitigate eutrophication in the nearshore. This framework is also well suited for possible future expansion to address management issues on a whole-lake basis.

中文翻译：

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支持安大略湖合作科学和监测倡议的模型开发

合作科学与监测倡议旨在生成数据和信息，以支持北美劳伦森五大湖的环境管理。在轮流的基础上，每五年重点关注每个湖泊。在这项研究中，我们开发了一个最先进的水动力和生态建模框架，以汇总在这些倡议年份和其他来源收集的数据，并模拟安大略湖的湖泊富营养化过程，重点是近岸条件。模型校准和验证主要基于三个倡议年（2008 年、2013 年和 2018 年）的数据。这个集成模型为数据组织、理解复杂的湖泊过程交互和指导未来的数据收集提供了一个框架。它被设计为一种管理支持工具，可以模拟湖泊对负载条件变化的响应，例如近岸水质对尼亚加拉河磷负载的敏感性。其指定目标是通过对潜在的营养负荷减少策略的相对效益进行定量评估，以支持对安大略湖管理问题的评估，以减轻近岸地区的富营养化。该框架也非常适合未来可能的扩展，以解决整个湖的管理问题。其指定目标是通过对潜在的营养负荷减少策略的相对效益进行定量评估，以支持对安大略湖管理问题的评估，以减轻近岸地区的富营养化。该框架也非常适合未来可能的扩展，以解决整个湖的管理问题。其指定目标是通过对潜在的营养负荷减少策略的相对效益进行定量评估，以支持对安大略湖管理问题的评估，以减轻近岸地区的富营养化。该框架也非常适合未来可能的扩展，以解决整个湖的管理问题。