In this paper, we present Knowledge4COVID-19, a framework that aims to showcase the power of integrating disparate sources of knowledge to discover adverse drug effects caused by drug–drug interactions among COVID-19 treatments and pre-existing condition drugs. Initially, we focus on constructing the Knowledge4COVID-19 knowledge graph (KG) from the declarative definition of mapping rules using the RDF Mapping Language. Since valuable information about drug treatments, drug–drug interactions, and side effects is present in textual descriptions in scientific databases (e.g., DrugBank) or in scientific literature (e.g., the CORD-19, the Covid-19 Open Research Dataset), the Knowledge4COVID-19 framework implements Natural Language Processing. The Knowledge4COVID-19 framework extracts relevant entities and predicates that enable the fine-grained description of COVID-19 treatments and the potential adverse events that may occur when these treatments are combined with treatments of common comorbidities, e.g., hypertension, diabetes, or asthma. Moreover, on top of the KG, several techniques for the discovery and prediction of interactions and potential adverse effects of drugs have been developed with the aim of suggesting more accurate treatments for treating the virus. We provide services to traverse the KG and visualize the effects that a group of drugs may have on a treatment outcome. Knowledge4COVID-19 was part of the Pan-European hackathon#EUvsVirus in April 2020 and is publicly available as a resource through a GitHub repository and a DOI.

在本文中，我们介绍了 Knowledge4COVID-19，这是一个框架，旨在展示整合不同知识来源的力量，以发现 COVID-19 治疗和已有疾病药物之间药物相互作用引起的药物不良反应。最初，我们专注于使用 RDF 映射语言从映射规则的声明性定义构建 Knowledge4COVID-19 知识图谱 (KG)。由于有关药物治疗、药物相互作用和副作用的有价值信息存在于科学数据库（例如 DrugBank）或科学文献（例如 CORD-19、Covid-19 开放研究数据集）的文本描述中，因此Knowledge4COVID-19 框架实现了自然语言处理。Knowledge4COVID-19 框架提取相关实体和谓词，从而能够对 COVID-19 治疗以及这些治疗与常见合并症（例如高血压、糖尿病或哮喘）的治疗相结合时可能发生的潜在不良事件进行细粒度描述。此外，在 KG 之上，还开发了几种用于发现和预测药物相互作用和潜在副作用的技术，目的是提出更准确的治疗病毒的方法。我们提供遍历 KG 的服务，并可视化一组药物可能对治疗结果产生的影响。Knowledge4COVID-19 是泛欧计划的一部分 高血压、糖尿病或哮喘。此外，在 KG 之上，还开发了几种用于发现和预测药物相互作用和潜在副作用的技术，目的是提出更准确的治疗病毒的方法。我们提供遍历 KG 的服务，并可视化一组药物可能对治疗结果产生的影响。Knowledge4COVID-19 是泛欧计划的一部分 高血压、糖尿病或哮喘。此外，在 KG 之上，还开发了几种用于发现和预测药物相互作用和潜在副作用的技术，目的是提出更准确的治疗病毒的方法。我们提供遍历 KG 的服务，并可视化一组药物可能对治疗结果产生的影响。Knowledge4COVID-19 是泛欧计划的一部分hackathon#EUvsVirus于 2020 年 4 月举行，并通过 GitHub 存储库和 DOI 作为资源公开提供。