Language is one of the quintessential markers of ethnicity. It allows co-ethnics to easily identify one another and underscores in-group and out-group boundaries. Recognizing this, politicians frequently employ ethnic tongues to enhance their political appeal. To what extent does this shape the opinions of their audiences? Utilizing a survey experiment, I test the impact of an ethnic tongue against that of the common political language among the Javanese in Indonesia, the Tagalog in the Philippines, and the Isan people in Thailand. The experiment demonstrates that the ethnic language has a significant impact in both Thailand and Indonesia, but there appears to be little effect of using Tagalog over Filipino English in the Philippines. The findings suggest that ethnic tongues have the potential to significantly enhance political appeals, both among dominant (Javanese) and marginal (Isan) ethnic groups, but when the ethnic group is already the linguistic hegemon (Tagalog), such effects may be limited.

中文翻译：

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从政治角度讲：东南亚的民族语言和听众意见

语言是种族的典型标志之一。它使共同种族可以轻松地相互识别，并强调群体内和群体外的界限。认识到这一点，政客们经常使用民族语言来增强他们的政治吸引力。这在多大程度上影响了他们的听众的意见？利用调查实验，我测试了一种民族语言对印度尼西亚爪哇人、菲律宾他加禄语和泰国伊桑人的共同政治语言的影响。实验表明，民族语言在泰国和印度尼西亚都有显着影响，但在菲律宾使用他加禄语似乎对菲律宾英语影响不大。研究结果表明，民族语言有可能显着增强政治吸引力，