Abstract

This paper presents the results of theoretical calculations of the reactivity of gold, molybdenite, stibnite, galena, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, and pyrite in comparison with experimental data on the floatability of monomineral fractions with butyl xanthate, measured contact angles, and variation in the kinetics of the potential of mineral electrodes. The calculation method establishes the following series of the reactivity and oxidation ability: Au < Sb₂S₃ < MoS₂ < PbS < CuFeS₂ < FeAsS < FeS₂. During flotation in the Hallimond tube, natural gold grains demonstrate the highest recovery (70%) in the range of pH 5–7 as compared to all the sulfides; molybdenite and stibnite are recovered under the same conditions at the level of 50%. With an increase in pH in an alkaline environment to pH 12, the floatability of all the sulfides decreases with the exception of chalcopyrite. It is found that the duration of conditioning with the collector required for the highest recovery is inverse to the reactivity value. The measured contact angle of a drop of water on an untreated surface is the highest for a gold plate (78°) and the lowest for pyrite (67°), but the greatest increase in the contact angle (by 15°) for pyrite is noted after treatment with butyl xanthate at a concentration of 10^–4 mol/L and pH 6; for molybdenite, treatment with butyl xanthate has almost no effect on the measured value of the contact angle. According to the value of the electrode potential in the region of pH 2.0–5.6, the following series is determined: Sb₂S₃ < PbS < CuFeS₂ < FeAsS < FeS₂. Theoretical calculations and experimental data of the study of monofractions of sulfides and gold establish that the conditions of the experiment (pH, duration of conditioning, concentration of the collector) significantly affect the floatability. The calculated data on the reactivity of chemical sulfide compounds and gold in comparison with experimental results show the importance of maintaining certain flotation conditions to create contrast in the floatability of minerals.

中文翻译：

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金和硫化物矿物的可浮性和计算反应性

摘要

本文介绍了金、辉钼矿、辉锑矿、方铅矿、黄铜矿、毒砂和黄铁矿的反应性的理论计算结果，并与单矿物部分与丁基黄药的可浮性、测量的接触角和动力学变化的实验数据进行了比较矿物电极的潜力。该计算方法建立了以下系列的反应性和氧化能力：Au < Sb ₂ S ₃ < MoS ₂ < PbS < CuFeS ₂ < FeAsS < FeS ₂. 在 Hallimond 管中浮选期间，与所有硫化物相比，天然金粒在 pH 5-7 范围内表现出最高的回收率（70%）；辉钼矿和辉锑矿在相同条件下以50%的水平回收。随着碱性环境中的 pH 值增加到 12，除黄铜矿外，所有硫化物的可漂浮性都会降低。发现最高回收率所需的收集器调节持续时间与反应性值成反比。在未经处理的表面上测得的一滴水的接触角是金板最高（78°），黄铁矿最低（67°），但黄铁矿接触角的最大增加（15°）是用浓度为 10 ^–4的黄原酸丁酯处理后注意到摩尔/升和 pH 值 6；对于辉钼矿，黄原酸丁酯处理对接触角的测量值几乎没有影响。根据电极电位在pH 2.0-5.6区域的值，确定以下系列：Sb ₂ S ₃ < PbS < CuFeS ₂ < FeAsS < FeS ₂. 单馏分硫化物和金研究的理论计算和实验数据表明，实验条件（pH、调节持续时间、捕收剂浓度）显着影响可浮性。将化学硫化物和金的反应性计算数据与实验结果进行比较表明，保持一定的浮选条件以形成矿物可浮性对比的重要性。