Abstract

The results of the studies on the use of collector reagents in the form of a reverse microemulsion (RME) of the water-in-oil type (i.e., water droplets are suspended in the oil phase) for the flotation extraction of lead and zinc minerals are presented. Lead and zinc concentrates and a lead–zinc ore are used as the initial samples for flotation. The concentration of galena in the lead concentrate is 74.7%, and the concentration of sphalerite in the zinc concentrate is 78.7%. Basic collector reagents in the composition of the RME are potassium butyl xanthate (PBX) and kerosene. A nonionic surfactant (NSA) is used to stabilize the RME. Casein is used as additives to the main reagents to eliminate the negative effect of osmotic pressure upon preparing the RME. The transformation of casein to the active soluble form is carried out using sodium sulfide. The particle size in the reverse microemulsion is 12.38 nm. The following options for supplying reagents to the flotation pulp are studied in flotation tests: RME, RME + foaming agent, and potassium butyl xanthate + foaming agent. A T-92 reagent is used as the foaming agent. The consumption of PBX in the composition of the RME and in the classical supply is 26 g/t. The results of laboratory tests show that the method of supplying flotation reagents in the form of an RME leads to an increase both in the flotation rate of lead and zinc sulfides and in their recovery into a foam product. Tests with the use of an RME in the collective flotation cycle of a lead–zinc ore show an increase in the extraction of lead into the total concentrate by 10.8% and zinc by 38.5% in comparison with the classical supply of reagents (collector + foaming agent) in addition to an increase in the flotation rate. An increased selectivity of the action of an RME in relation to zinc sulfides in comparison with lead sulfides is noted. The flotation rate coefficient of sphalerite is 7.8-fold higher when compared to galena. The gain in the extraction into the total zinc concentrate is also higher and is 16.78%, while the gain into the lead concentrate is 1.9% under the same conditions.

中文翻译：

---

反相微乳液试剂在铅和锌硫化物浮选中的应用

摘要

使用油包水型反相微乳液（RME）捕收剂（即水滴悬浮在油相中）浮选铅锌矿物的研究结果被提出。铅锌精矿和铅锌矿石用作浮选的初始样品。铅精矿中方铅矿浓度为74.7%，锌精矿中闪锌矿浓度为78.7%。RME 组合物中的碱性捕收剂是丁基黄原酸钾 (PBX) 和煤油。非离子表面活性剂 (NSA) 用于稳定 RME。酪蛋白用作主要试剂的添加剂，以消除渗透压对制备 RME 的负面影响。使用硫化钠将酪蛋白转化为活性可溶形式。反相微乳液中的粒径为 12.38 nm。在浮选试验中研究了以下向浮选纸浆提供试剂的选项：RME、RME + 发泡剂和丁基黄原酸钾 + 发泡剂。T-92试剂用作发泡剂。在 RME 的组成和传统供应中，PBX 的消耗量为 26 克/吨。实验室测试结果表明，以 RME 形式提供浮选试剂的方法导致铅和锌硫化物的浮选率和它们在泡沫产品中的回收率都有所提高。在铅锌矿石的集体浮选循环中使用 RME 进行的测试表明，铅在总精矿中的提取量增加了 10.8%，锌的提取量增加了 38%。与传统的试剂供应（捕收剂 + 发泡剂）相比增加了 5%，此外浮选率也有所提高。注意到与硫化铅相比，RME 对硫化锌的作用选择性增加。闪锌矿的浮选率系数比方铅矿高 7.8 倍。提取到总锌精矿中的增益也更高，为 16.78%，而在相同条件下提取到铅精矿中的增益为 1.9%。