Abstract

The effect of the welding arc current (47, 57, and 67 A) on the structure and properties of the deposited samples obtained by electric arc robotic deposition has been studied. Welding wire Sv-AK5 (ER4043) of the Al-Si system was used as a filler material. The weld deposition was carried out on a substrate in the form of a plate 6 mm thick made of AMg6 alloy (Al–Mg system). In the process of surfacing, a typical two-phase structure of a hypoeutectic composition is formed in the samples, which is characteristic of alloys of the Al‒Si system with a silicon content of 5%. A trend to the enlargement of the structure in the direction from the substrate is observed along height of the deposited layers, which is associated with the accumulation of heat in the layers deposited along the height. With an increase in the welding arc current, dendrites based on α-Al and eutectic Si crystals are refined, while their density increases and microhardness decreases. The increase in density is due to a decrease in the proportion and size of gas pores and the refinement of structural components. The decrease in microhardness is associated with an increase in the proportion of the soft phase (α-Al dendrites) and a decrease in the number hard eutectic silicon crystals. The average content of silicon in the samples deposited in three modes is in the range of 5.46–5.91%, which corresponds to the chemical composition of the welding wire Sv-AK5 (ER4043). An increase in the welding arc current facilitates a growth of tensile strength and a slight decrease in the conditional yield strength and relative elongation. The patterns of the change in the mechanical properties of the deposited samples are due to the specifics of the formation of the cast structure of the deposited layers under conditions of directional solidification in the direction away from the substrate.

中文翻译：

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机器人堆焊Sv-AK5填丝焊缝组织与性能研究

摘要

已经研究了焊接电弧电流（47、57 和 67 A）对通过电弧机器人沉积获得的沉积样品的结构和性能的影响。Al-Si系的焊丝Sv-AK5（ER4043）用作填充材料。焊接熔敷是在由 AMg6 合金（Al-Mg 系统）制成的 6 毫米厚板的形式的基材上进行的。在堆焊过程中，样品中形成了典型的亚共晶成分两相结构，这是硅含量为 5% 的 Al-Si 系合金的特征。沿沉积层的高度观察到结构在从衬底的方向扩大的趋势，这与沿高度沉积的层中的热量积累有关。随着焊接电弧电流的增加，基于α-Al和共晶Si晶体的枝晶细化，同时它们的密度增加，显微硬度降低。密度的增加是由于气孔比例和尺寸的减小以及结构成分的细化。显微硬度的降低与软相（α-Al枝晶）比例的增加和硬共晶硅晶体数量的减少有关。三种模式沉积的样品中硅的平均含量在 5.46-5.91% 的范围内，这对应于焊丝 Sv-AK5 (ER4043) 的化学成分。焊接电弧电流的增加有利于抗拉强度的增加和条件屈服强度和相对伸长率的轻微降低。