The present study reports the novel approach to remove the excess fluoride in water using nano sized zinc oxide (ZnO) particles extracted from the plant leaf Solanum nigrum and Eclipta prostrate. The thermal behavior of the fabricated ZnO particles were characterized by XRD, the porosity and microstructure were studied by the SEM. The measurement of FTIR was carried out to find the probable biomolecules in both plant leaves. These leaves contain high amount of proteins, amino acids and rich in polyphenols. The batch experiment was carried out to study the removal of Fluoride under several factors like the effects of initial concentration, adsorbent dosage and various time intervals. It is revealed at optimum dosage of Eclipta and Solanum is 0.8g/100ml and the capacity of adsorption was creating to be 1.984mg/g and 1.943 mg/g and its efficiency is 98% and 55% respectively. Thus, the optimum dosage of the adsorbents can be used to lowering the fluoride concentration. The synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles in this work are highly capable material for removal of Fluoride ion. Thus, it is proven that the leaf of Solanum nigrum and Eclipta prostrata produce higher efficiency in reduction of Fluoride.

中文翻译：

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龙葵和旱莲草中氧化锌纳米颗粒的合成和表征用于有效去除氟化物

本研究报告了使用从植物叶龙葵和旱莲草中提取的纳米氧化锌 (ZnO) 颗粒去除水中过量氟化物的新方法。用XRD表征了制备的ZnO颗粒的热行为，用SEM研究了孔隙率和微观结构。进行 FTIR 测量以发现两种植物叶片中可能存在的生物分子。这些叶子含有大量的蛋白质、氨基酸和丰富的多酚。进行了批量实验，研究了初始浓度、吸附剂用量和不同时间间隔等因素对氟化物的去除效果。结果表明，旱莲草和茄属植物的最佳用量为0.8g/100ml，产生的吸附量分别为1.984mg/g和1。943 mg/g，其效率分别为98%和55%。因此，吸附剂的最佳用量可用于降低氟化物浓度。在这项工作中合成的 ZnO 纳米粒子是去除氟离子的高效材料。因此，证明龙葵和旱莲草的叶子在减少氟化物方面具有更高的效率。