Bone morphogenetic protein 2 plays an important role in the regulation of osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the bmp2 ortholog evolved from the same ancestral gene family in vertebrates and was duplicated in teleost, which were named bmp2a and bmp2b. The results of whole-mount in situ hybridization showed that the expression locations of bmp2a and bmp2b in zebrafish were different in different periods (24 hpf, 48 hpf, 72 hpf), which revealed potential functional differentiation between bmp2a and bmp2b. Phenotypic analysis showed that bmp2a mutations caused partial rib and vertebral deformities in zebrafish, while bmp2b^−/− embryos died massively after 12 hpf due to abnormal somite formation. We further explored the expression pattern changes of genes (bmp2a, bmp2b, smad1, fgf4, runx2b, alp) related to skeletal development at different developmental stages (20 dpf, 60 dpf, 90 dpf) in wild-type and bmp2a^−/− zebrafish. The results showed that the expression of runx2b in bmp2a^−/− was significantly downregulated at three stages and the expression of other genes were significantly downregulated at 90 dpf compared with wild-type zebrafish. The study revealed functional differentiation of bmp2a and bmp2b in zebrafish embryonic and skeletal development.

骨形态发生蛋白 2 在成骨细胞增殖和分化的调控中起重要作用。系统发育分析表明，bmp2直系同源物从脊椎动物的同一祖先基因家族进化而来，并在硬骨动物中复制，命名为bmp2a和bmp2b。整体原位杂交结果表明，bmp2a和bmp2b在斑马鱼体内的表达位置在不同时期（24hpf、48hpf、72hpf）存在差异，揭示了bmp2a和bmp2b之间潜在的功能分化。表型分析显示bmp2a突变导致斑马鱼的部分肋骨和脊椎畸形，而bmp2b ^-/-胚胎在 12 hpf 后由于体节形成异常而大量死亡。我们进一步探讨了野生型和bmp2a ^-/-斑马鱼在不同发育阶段（20 dpf、60 dpf、90 dpf）与骨骼发育相关的基因（ bmp2a、bmp2b、smad1、fgf4、runx2b、alp ）的表达模式变化。 . 结果显示runx2b在bmp2a中的表达^-/-与野生型斑马鱼相比，在三个阶段显着下调，其他基因的表达在 90 dpf 时显着下调。该研究揭示了bmp2a和bmp2b在斑马鱼胚胎和骨骼发育中的功能分化。