A science-based understanding of climate change and potential mitigation and adaptation options can provide decision makers with important guidance in making decisions about how best to respond to the many challenges inherent in climate change. In this review we provide an evidence-based heuristic for guiding efforts to share science-based information about climate change with decision makers and the public at large. Well-informed decision makers are likely to make better decisions, but for a range of reasons, their inclinations to act on their decisions are not always realized into effective actions. We therefore also provide a second evidence-based heuristic for helping people and organizations change their climate change–relevant behaviors, should they decide to. These two guiding heuristics can help scientists and others harness the power of communication and behavior science in service of enhancing society's response to climate change. ▪ Many Earth scientists seeking to contribute to the climate science translation process feel frustrated by the inadequacy of the societal response. ▪ Here we summarize the social science literature by offering two guiding principles to guide communication and behavior change efforts. ▪ To improve public understanding, we recommend simple, clear messages, repeated often, by a variety of trusted and caring messengers. ▪ To encourage uptake of useful behaviors, we recommend making the behaviors easy, fun, and popular.

中文翻译：

---

利用传播和行为科学的力量加强社会对气候变化的响应

对气候变化以及潜在的缓解和适应方案的基于科学的理解可以为决策者提供重要指导，帮助他们做出如何最好地应对气候变化固有的许多挑战的决策。在这篇综述中，我们提供了一种基于证据的启发式方法，用于指导与决策者和广大公众分享有关气候变化的科学信息。消息灵通的决策者可能会做出更好的决策，但由于多种原因，他们根据决策采取行动的倾向并不总是能转化为有效的行动。因此，我们还提供了第二种基于证据的启发法，帮助人们和组织改变与气候变化相关的行为（如果他们决定的话）。这两个指导性启发可以帮助科学家和其他人利用传播和行为科学的力量来增强社会对气候变化的反应。 ▪ 许多寻求为气候科学转化过程做出贡献的地球科学家因社会反应不足而感到沮丧。 ▪ 在此，我们总结了社会科学文献，提供了两个指导原则来指导沟通和行为改变工作。 ▪ 为了提高公众的理解，我们建议由各种值得信赖和关爱的信息传递者经常重复简单、清晰的信息。 ▪ 为了鼓励采取有用的行为，我们建议使这些行为变得简单、有趣和受欢迎。