Climate warming is considered to be among the most serious of anthropogenic stresses to the environment, because it not only has direct effects on biodiversity, but it also exacerbates the harmful effects of other human-mediated threats. The associated consequences are potentially severe, particularly in terms of threats to species preservation, as well as in the preservation of an array of ecosystem services provided by biodiversity. Among the most affected groups of animals are insects—central components of many ecosystems—for which climate change has pervasive effects from individuals to communities. In this contribution to the scientists' warning series, we summarize the effect of the gradual global surface temperature increase on insects, in terms of physiology, behavior, phenology, distribution, and species interactions, as well as the effect of increased frequency and duration of extreme events such as hot and cold spells, fires, droughts, and floods on these parameters. We warn that, if no action is taken to better understand and reduce the action of climate change on insects, we will drastically reduce our ability to build a sustainable future based on healthy, functional ecosystems. We discuss perspectives on relevant ways to conserve insects in the face of climate change, and we offer several key recommendations on management approaches that can be adopted, on policies that should be pursued, and on the involvement of the general public in the protection effort.

中文翻译：

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科学家对气候变化和昆虫的警告

气候变暖被认为是对环境造成的最严重的人为压力之一，因为它不仅对生物多样性有直接影响，而且还加剧了其他人为威胁的有害影响。相关后果可能很严重，特别是在对物种保护的威胁以及对生物多样性提供的一系列生态系统服务的保护方面。在受影响最严重的动物群体中，昆虫是许多生态系统的核心组成部分，气候变化对其产生了从个体到社区的普遍影响。在科学家警告系列的这篇文章中，我们从生理学、行为学、物候学、分布和物种相互作用等方面总结了全球地表温度逐渐升高对昆虫的影响，以及极端事件（例如冷热期、火灾、干旱和洪水）频率和持续时间增加对这些参数的影响。我们警告说，如果不采取行动更好地了解和减少气候变化对昆虫的影响，我们将大大削弱我们在健康、功能性生态系统的基础上建设可持续未来的能力。我们讨论了面对气候变化保护昆虫的相关方法的观点，并就可以采用的管理方法、应遵循的政策以及公众参与保护工作提出了几项重要建议。如果不采取行动更好地了解和减少气候变化对昆虫的影响，我们将大大削弱在健康、功能性生态系统的基础上建设可持续未来的能力。我们讨论了面对气候变化保护昆虫的相关方法的观点，并就可以采用的管理方法、应遵循的政策以及公众参与保护工作提出了几项重要建议。如果不采取行动更好地了解和减少气候变化对昆虫的影响，我们将大大削弱在健康、功能性生态系统的基础上建设可持续未来的能力。我们讨论了面对气候变化保护昆虫的相关方法的观点，并就可以采用的管理方法、应遵循的政策以及公众参与保护工作提出了几项重要建议。