Transit-oriented development (TOD) mode refers to the integrated development of high-density and multi-functional land in the vicinity of core public transportation stations to increase public transportation rates and address problems such as traffic congestion and land shortages. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehend the relationship between TOD areas and the travel behavior of rail transit residents. However, the income level and occupation of residents have a significant impact on their travel behavior, as people tend to choose their residential, work, and entertainment areas based on their economic characteristics. This paper focuses primarily on two aspects: how to distinguish TOD areas from non-TOD areas (specifically, rail stations) and the variations in the travel behavior of the people residing in these areas. Rail stations were first classified via cluster analysis according to the selected TOD indexes; then, a propensity score matching method was applied to control the influence of self-selection behavior. Based on this, the matched results were analyzed to study the difference in the travel behavior characteristics of residents in TOD and non-TOD areas. The results indicate that residents in TOD areas are more likely to travel by public transportation than those from non-TOD areas. The findings of this study promote a people-oriented urban planning concept and would have practical implications for applications of TOD modes on urban public transportation systems.

公交导向开发（TOD）模式是指在核心公交站点附近综合开发高密度、多功能的土地，以提高公交运价，解决交通拥堵、用地短缺等问题。因此，了解TOD区域与轨道交通居民出行行为之间的关系至关重要。然而，居民的收入水平和职业对其出行行为有显着影响，因为人们倾向于根据经济特征选择居住、工作和娱乐区域。本文主要关注两个方面：如何区分 TOD 区域和非 TOD 区域（特别是火车站）以及居住在这些区域的人们的出行行为的变化。首先根据选取的TOD指标，通过聚类分析对火车站进行分类；然后，应用倾向得分匹配方法来控制自我选择行为的影响。在此基础上，对匹配结果进行分析，研究TOD和非TOD地区居民出行行为特征的差异。结果表明，TOD 地区的居民比非 TOD 地区的居民更有可能乘坐公共交通工具出行。本研究的结果促进了以人为本的城市规划理念，并对 TOD 模式在城市公共交通系统中的应用具有实际意义。对匹配结果进行分析，研究TOD和非TOD地区居民出行行为特征的差异。结果表明，TOD 地区的居民比非 TOD 地区的居民更有可能乘坐公共交通工具出行。本研究的结果促进了以人为本的城市规划理念，并对 TOD 模式在城市公共交通系统中的应用具有实际意义。对匹配结果进行分析，研究TOD和非TOD地区居民出行行为特征的差异。结果表明，TOD 地区的居民比非 TOD 地区的居民更有可能乘坐公共交通工具出行。本研究的结果促进了以人为本的城市规划理念，并对 TOD 模式在城市公共交通系统中的应用具有实际意义。