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Lower Maeotian Bryozoan Bioherms of Cape Kazantip, Crimea: A New Concept of the Paleoecological Environment of Their Origin
Lithology and Mineral Resources ( IF 0.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-11-11 , DOI: 10.1134/s0024490222060025
A. I. Antoshkina , L. V. Leonova , Yu. S. Simakova

Abstract

The lower Maeotian carbonate encrustation of bryozoan bioherms and local problematic carbonate buildups at Cape Kazantip (Kerch Peninsula) were studied to elucidate their genesis. Analytical (lithological and mineralogical, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and isotopy) studies have shown that hardness of the bryozoan framework is related to the syndepositional, biologically induced cement around bryozoans and carbonate encrustation of bioherms. In addition to fossilized traces of products of the microbiotic vital activity (bacteriomorphic structures, mineralized biofilms, glycocalyx—an exopolymer substance (IPS), and framboidal pyrite), the carbonate crusts on bryozoan bioherms and mollusk–polychaete minibioherms contain abundant bitumen, strontianite, barite, celestine, Mn-rich calcite (kutnohorite), Mg-calcite, aragonite, dolomite are widespread. Mineralized biofilms include trace elements Fe, Si, Mg, Al, K, Na, Cl, Ba, S, Ni, and Co. The isotopic composition of different carbonate rock types is marked by wide variations of carbon (–2.76…7.17‰) and oxygen (24.20–33.01‰) and manifested in fluctuations of water salinity (16.67–39.74‰). The chemical composition and mineral specificity of rocks, confinement of carbonate crusts and minibioherms to saline waters, and local pattern of their formation suggest the manifestation of near-bottom cold gas-fluid seeps, probably, of a complex chloride-sodium-sulfate-magnesium composition or various modifications of these components in a shallow sea basin, whereas the bryozoan biohermal complex is most likely a near-hydrothermal oasis.



中文翻译:

克里米亚卡赞提普角的下 Maeotian 苔藓虫生物礁:其起源的古生态环境的新概念

摘要

研究了苔藓虫生物礁的下 Maeotian 碳酸盐结壳和卡赞蒂普角(刻赤半岛)的局部有问题的碳酸盐堆积物,以阐明它们的成因。分析(岩性和矿物学、X 射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、能量色散光谱法和同位素)研究表明,苔藓虫骨架的硬度与苔藓虫周围的同沉积、生物诱导的胶结物和生物礁的碳酸盐结壳有关。除了微生物生命活动产物的化石痕迹(细菌形态结构、矿化生物膜、糖萼——一种外聚合物物质 (IPS) 和 framoidal 黄铁矿)外,苔藓虫生物礁和软体动物多毛类微型生物礁上的碳酸盐结壳还含有丰富的沥青、锶石、重晶石, 天青石, 富锰方解石(kutnohorite)、镁方解石、文石、白云石分布广泛。矿化生物膜包括微量元素 Fe、Si、Mg、Al、K、Na、Cl、Ba、S、Ni 和 Co。不同碳酸盐岩类型的同位素组成以碳的广泛变化为特征(–2.76…7.17‰)和氧气(24.20-33.01‰)并表现为水盐度的波动(16.67-39.74‰)。岩石的化学成分和矿物特性、碳酸盐结壳和微型生物礁对咸水的限制,以及它们的局部形成模式表明,可能是复杂的氯化物-钠-硫酸盐-镁的近底部冷气液渗漏的表现浅海盆地中这些成分的组成或各种修饰,而苔藓虫生物礁复合体很可能是近热液绿洲。白云石分布广泛。矿化生物膜包括微量元素 Fe、Si、Mg、Al、K、Na、Cl、Ba、S、Ni 和 Co。不同碳酸盐岩类型的同位素组成以碳的广泛变化为特征(–2.76…7.17‰)和氧气(24.20-33.01‰)并表现为水盐度的波动(16.67-39.74‰)。岩石的化学成分和矿物特性、碳酸盐结壳和微型生物礁对咸水的限制,以及它们的局部形成模式表明,可能是复杂的氯化物-钠-硫酸盐-镁的近底部冷气液渗漏的表现浅海盆地中这些成分的组成或各种修饰,而苔藓虫生物礁复合体很可能是近热液绿洲。白云石分布广泛。矿化生物膜包括微量元素 Fe、Si、Mg、Al、K、Na、Cl、Ba、S、Ni 和 Co。不同碳酸盐岩类型的同位素组成以碳的广泛变化为特征(–2.76…7.17‰)和氧气(24.20-33.01‰)并表现为水盐度的波动(16.67-39.74‰)。岩石的化学成分和矿物特性、碳酸盐结壳和微型生物礁对咸水的限制,以及它们的局部形成模式表明,可能是复杂的氯化物-钠-硫酸盐-镁的近底部冷气液渗漏的表现浅海盆地中这些成分的组成或各种修饰,而苔藓虫生物礁复合体很可能是近热液绿洲。不同碳酸盐岩类型的同位素组成以碳(–2.76…7.17‰)和氧(24.20–33.01‰)变化很大,并表现为水盐度波动(16.67–39.74‰)。岩石的化学成分和矿物特性、碳酸盐结壳和微型生物礁对咸水的限制,以及它们的局部形成模式表明,可能是复杂的氯化物-钠-硫酸盐-镁的近底部冷气液渗漏的表现浅海盆地中这些成分的组成或各种修饰,而苔藓虫生物礁复合体很可能是近热液绿洲。不同碳酸盐岩类型的同位素组成以碳(–2.76…7.17‰)和氧(24.20–33.01‰)变化很大,并表现为水盐度波动(16.67–39.74‰)。岩石的化学成分和矿物特性、碳酸盐结壳和微型生物礁对咸水的限制,以及它们的局部形成模式表明,可能是复杂的氯化物-钠-硫酸盐-镁的近底部冷气液渗漏的表现浅海盆地中这些成分的组成或各种修饰,而苔藓虫生物礁复合体很可能是近热液绿洲。

更新日期:2022-11-12
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