Radiative cooling, as a cooling method that does not consume any energy during operation, has become a hot topic in recent years. Unlike passive daytime radiative cooling in buildings, radiative coolers used in photovoltaic modules must also have high light transmittance, which undoubtedly makes relevant research more difficult. Currently, bifacial photovoltaic modules are widely available on the market, if traditional cooling methods are employed in the back of them, including passive cooling such as heat sink and active cooling such as air cooling and water cooling, it will block the rear irradiance into the module. Hence, radiative cooling is an excellent solution. In this paper, polycarbonate (PC) film and one composed with a high reflective layer are proposed. The former has high emissivity in the atmospheric window and the latter has high reflectivity in the near-infrared band. Both achieve a good cooling effect without affecting the normal operation of the module. We also prepared the reflective film on PC by magnetron sputtering, and its optical characteristics were also measured and compared with simulation results. We innovatively use PC material and combine the reflective film with quite simple structure. Compared with other research results, they are simpler and stabler film structures and have the advantages of low cost, easy installation, good cooling effect, and can be directly pasted on the surface of the photovoltaic module. It turns out that the cooling effect can reach 6.02°C with R-PC film and photoelectric conversion efficiency can be improved by 0.27% with PC film when hc = 20 W · m − 2 · K − 1 and Ta = 27 ° C. Given its excellent performance, they have a broad application prospect in the daytime passive radiative cooling of bifacial photovoltaic modules.

中文翻译：

---

使用两种聚碳酸酯薄膜增强双面光伏组件的辐射冷却性能

辐射冷却作为一种在运行过程中不消耗任何能量的冷却方式，成为近年来的热门话题。与建筑物的被动日间辐射冷却不同，光伏组件中使用的辐射冷却器还必须具有高透光率，这无疑增加了相关研究的难度。目前，双面光伏组件在市场上普遍存在，如果在其背面采用传统的冷却方式，包括散热片等被动冷却和风冷、水冷等主动冷却，都会阻挡背面的辐照进入背面。模块。因此，辐射冷却是一个很好的解决方案。在本文中，提出了聚碳酸酯 (PC) 薄膜和一种由高反射层组成的薄膜。前者在大气窗口具有高发射率，后者在近红外波段具有高反射率。两者都在不影响模块正常工作的情况下达到了很好的散热效果。我们还通过磁控溅射在 PC 上制备了反射膜，并测量了其光学特性并与仿真结果进行了比较。我们创新性地使用了PC材料，并结合了结构非常简单的反光膜。与其他研究成果相比，它们的薄膜结构更简单、更稳定，具有成本低、安装方便、散热效果好、可直接粘贴在光伏组件表面等优点。事实证明，采用R-PC薄膜，降温效果可达6.02℃，光电转换效率可提高0。