ABSTRACT

The interpretation of economic theories varies along several dimensions. First, models can describe reality, illustrate a recommended state of affairs, or analyze the structure and implications of a theory. Second, theories can be used for prediction or for explanation. Third, theories can relate to reality in a rule-based or case-based manner. Fourth, theories can be statements about economic reality or about the act of economic reasoning itself. Fifth, theories can offer predictions or merely critique reasoning. We argue that theories are often open to multiple interpretations which can shift depending on the context in which the theory is applied, the surrounding economic literature, and the argument made by the interpreter.

摘要

对经济理论的解释在几个方面各不相同。首先，模型可以描述现实，说明推荐的事态，或分析理论的结构和含义。其次，理论可以用于预测或解释。第三，理论可以以基于规则或基于案例的方式与现实联系起来。第四，理论可以是关于经济现实或经济推理行为本身的陈述。第五，理论可以提供预测或仅仅批判推理。我们认为，理论通常对多种解释持开放态度，这些解释会根据理论应用的背景、周围的经济文献和解释者提出的论点而改变。