This article investigates whether human masculine plural noun phrases (NPs) in Spanish, which can be interpreted with an exclusively masculine or a mixed-gender meaning, are a case of balanced or unbalanced ambiguity. The results of an experiment using a sentence continuation task with oral stimuli are consistent with the claim that masculine grammatical gender biases listeners toward an exclusively masculine interpretation. The acceptance rate of continuations with the pronoun uno/una referring to a masculine plural antecedent showed that the exclusively masculine meaning of the NP is accessed more frequently and involves a lower cognitive cost than the mixed-gender interpretation. Further, this effect interacts with the stereotypicality of the noun: nouns independently established to carry a masculine stereotype are less likely to be associated with a mixed-gender interpretation. The study also found that the speakers’ attitudes toward nonsexist language predict their acceptance of the mixed-gender interpretation of masculine NPs.

中文翻译：

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西班牙语阳性复数 NPs 的解释：他们被认为是统一的男性化还是男性化和女性化的混合体？

本文调查了西班牙语中的人类男性复数名词短语 (NPs)，可以用完全男性化或混合性别的含义来解释，是否是平衡或不平衡歧义的情况。使用带有口头刺激的句子延续任务的实验结果与男性语法性别偏向听众倾向于完全男性解释的说法一致。代词接续的接受率联合国/联合国提到男性复数先行词表明，与混合性别解释相比，NP 的完全男性意义被更频繁地访问并且涉及更低的认知成本。此外，这种效应与名词的刻板印象相互作用：独立建立的带有男性刻板印象的名词不太可能与混合性别解释相关联。该研究还发现，说话者对非性别歧视语言的态度预示着他们对男性 NP 的混合性别解释的接受程度。