A highly frequency reduction technique for three-dimensional dipole antennas has been presented using linear spiral, modified linear spiral wire-based structure and wheel on either end of dipole arm. The dipole with wheel on either end of dipole arm reduced the resonant frequency by 65.53% compared with the reference frequency at 3.83 GHz. The electrical properties of ka esteem is 0.59, which are less than the electrically small antenna limit 1. The bandwidth (‑10 dB) enhanced from 11.48 for reference dipole to 17.88% without alleviating the antenna efficiency. The radiation pattern is also seen to be unaffected by the presence of those structures. To verify the simulated theory, prototypes were fabricated and complied with measured results and attained excellent agreement between them.

中文翻译：

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具有降低谐振频率的三维改进偶极子结构

提出了一种用于三维偶极天线的高频率降低技术，该技术使用线性螺旋、改进的线性螺旋线基结构和偶极臂两端的轮子。与 3.83 GHz 的参考频率相比，偶极臂两端带轮子的偶极子将谐振频率降低了 65.53%。ka估计的电气特性为 0.59，小于电小天线极限 1。带宽 (‑10 dB) 从参考偶极子的 11.48 提高到 17.88%，而天线效率没有降低。辐射模式也被视为不受这些结构存在的影响。为了验证模拟理论，制作了原型并与测量结果相符，并且两者之间达到了很好的一致性。