Recent research has shown that knowledge of second language (L2) collocations is important to learners for improving their language processing and production but also that acquiring L2-specific collocations is a very burdensome task for learners. Thus, bootstrapping knowledge of L2 collocations through generalization is highly desirable, but this area has received surprisingly limited attention. This study examined L2 learners’ ability to generalize knowledge of recently learned verb–noun collocations during processing and whether this type of learning occurred via intralexical associations in the L2 (similarity) or was facilitated by known collocations in learners’ first language (L1). Mixed-effects regression targeting measures of learners’ brain event-related potentials revealed cross-language influence during real-time processing that preceded learners’ acceptability judgments. Both within- and cross-language similarity influenced learners’ behavioral judgments. These findings revealed cross-language integration in L1–L2 incongruent collocations from the earliest moments of processing.

中文翻译：

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第二语言搭配知识的概括：语言内和跨语言相似性对可接受性和事件相关潜能的作用

最近的研究表明，第二语言 (L2) 搭配的知识对学习者提高语言处理和生产很重要，但获得第二语言特定的搭配对学习者来说是一项非常繁重的任务。因此，非常需要通过泛化引导 L2 搭配的知识，但这一领域受到的关注却出奇地有限。本研究检验了二语学习者在处理过程中概括最近学习的动词-名词搭配知识的能力，以及这种学习类型是通过二语中的词内联想（相似性）发生的，还是由学习者第一语言（一语）中的已知搭配促进的。针对学习者大脑事件相关潜能的混合效应回归测量揭示了在学习者做出可接受性判断之前的实时处理过程中的跨语言影响。语言内和跨语言的相似性都会影响学习者的行为判断。这些发现揭示了 L1-L2 不一致搭配中的跨语言整合，从最早的处理时刻开始。