Adolescence is a critical life period during which significant neurodevelopmental changes occur within the central nervous system. Consistently, substance abuse in this stage has been found to induce persistent changes in brain responsiveness to future drug challenges. Nowadays, heavy episodic alcohol consumption during adolescence, also known as binge-drinking behavior, is a growing concern in modern societies. On the other hand, alcohol is well known to act as a gateway drug, that is, it promotes the individual's craving for consumption of other drugs of abuse. With this in mind, we aimed to assess whether adolescent ethanol exposure could alter the development of tolerance and dependence to morphine, as an available common opioid drug. Tail flick test was used to measure thermal nociceptive changes in adult male Wistar rats undergone ethanol/vehicle exposure during adolescence. Furthermore, morphine withdrawal syndrome was induced by naloxone injection, and behavioral signs were recorded for 20 min. It was found that adolescent ethanol intake facilitates morphine analgesic tolerance and decreases baseline latency; however, the severity of dependence is not significantly altered. Moreover, we found that 15 days of treatment with omega-3 fatty acids (O3) prevents the mentioned ethanol-induced changes suggesting a therapeutic potential for this compound. O3 supplementation, as an inexpensive and noninvasive method, may assist the clinicians to reverse the adverse effect of alcohol binge drinking on adolescents' brains and to reduce the vulnerability to drug exposure in adulthood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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乙醇摄入史加速吗啡镇痛耐受性的发展：对 omega-3 脂肪酸的保护潜力。

青春期是一个关键的生命时期，在此期间中枢神经系统内会发生显着的神经发育变化。一致地，已发现此阶段的药物滥用会导致大脑对未来药物挑战的反应持续发生变化。如今，青春期的大量饮酒，也称为暴饮暴食行为，在现代社会中越来越受到关注。另一方面，众所周知，酒精是一种入门药物，也就是说，它会促进个人对其他滥用药物的渴望。考虑到这一点，我们旨在评估青少年接触乙醇是否会改变对吗啡（一种可用的常见阿片类药物）的耐受性和依赖性的发展。甩尾试验用于测量在青春期经历乙醇/车辆暴露的成年雄性 Wistar 大鼠的热痛觉变化。此外，注射纳洛酮可诱发吗啡戒断综合征，并记录 20 分钟的行为体征。结果发现，青少年摄入乙醇可促进吗啡镇痛耐受并减少基线潜伏期；然而，依赖的严重程度没有显着改变。此外，我们发现用 omega-3 脂肪酸 (O3) 治疗 15 天可防止上述乙醇引起的变化，这表明该化合物具有治疗潜力。O3 补充作为一种廉价且无创的方法，可以帮助临床医生扭转酗酒对青少年的不良影响 脑并减少成年后接触药物的脆弱性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。