Gastric adenocarcinoma is one of the most frequent and deadly cancers worldwide. However, its incidence is variable, being higher in eastern countries where screening the general population is recommended. On the other hand, in low to intermediate-risk countries, screening the general population may not be cost-effective, and therefore, it is necessary to be aware of high-risk populations that may benefit from adequate screening and surveillance. It is not always easy to identify these individuals, leading to a late diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma. In this review, the authors intend to summarize the data required to identify the population at risk of sporadic or familial gastric adenocarcinoma and the beginning of screening and its surveillance, with the final aim of increasing early detection of gastric adenocarcinoma and decreasing morbimortality. The authors highlight the importance to be aware of the several hereditary syndromes and MAPS recommendations and apply screen and surveillance protocols. The high-risk syndromes to gastric adenocarcinoma are gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach, hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, and familial intestinal gastric cancer.
GE Port J Gastroenterol

中文翻译：

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胃癌：对具有遗传性或家族性胃癌风险的个体的管理的实用回顾

胃腺癌是全世界最常见和最致命的癌症之一。然而，其发病率各不相同，在建议对一般人群进行筛查的东部国家中发病率较高。另一方面，在低至中风险国家，对一般人群进行筛查可能不具有成本效益，因此，有必要了解可能受益于充分筛查和监测的高风险人群。识别这些人并不总是那么容易，导致胃腺癌的晚期诊断。在这篇综述中，作者打算总结识别散发性或家族性胃腺癌风险的人群以及筛查和监测的开始所需的数据，最终目的是增加胃腺癌的早期发现并降低死亡率。作者强调了了解几种遗传综合征和 MAPS 建议并应用筛查和监测方案的重要性。胃腺癌的高危综合征是胃腺癌和胃近端息肉病、遗传性弥漫性胃癌和家族性肠胃癌。
GE Port J 胃肠科