Autonomy has allowed the maritime industry to design integrated systems leading to the concept of maritime autonomous surface ships. As research towards autonomous operations increases seafarers must be equipped with the knowledge of how to react to onboard system faults and threats to the safety of crew, vessel and cargo. Consequently, the maritime industry may utilise bridge simulators to train seafarers in autonomous operations. By integrating simulation into navigational officer training, it is possible to aid the development of seafarers fault recognition patterns. Moreover, simulation training can provide seafarers with the knowledge to be proactive in fault finding over reactive. Therefore, this study is conducted in a navigational simulator and investigates the fault recognition patterns of seafarers during realistic watch conditions with alternative tasks i.e. paperwork. Moreover, a novel Event Tree Analysis method is proposed to analyse the performance of seafarers and effectiveness of human machine relationship. The study found a low percentage of candidates successfully reacted to all faults and without additional alarms the vessel may have resulted in further danger. Applying the methodology and data assimilated from the study could aid the development of navigational officer short courses, developing seafarers behavioural skills which complement their technical talents.

自治使航运业能够设计集成系统，从而产生海上自主水面舰艇的概念。随着对自主操作研究的增加，海员必须具备如何应对船上系统故障以及对船员、船舶和货物安全的威胁的知识。因此，航运业可以利用驾驶台模拟器来培训海员进行自主操作。通过将模拟集成到航海官员培训中，可以帮助海员开发错误识别模式。此外，模拟培训可以为海员提供主动发现故障的知识，而不是被动的。所以，这项研究是在航行模拟器中进行的，并调查了海员在现实值班条件下的错误识别模式，以及替代任务，即文书工作。此外，提出了一种新的事件树分析方法来分析海员的绩效和人机关系的有效性。该研究发现，只有一小部分候选人成功地对所有故障做出反应，并且在没有额外警报的情况下，船只可能会导致进一步的危险。应用从研究中吸收的方法和数据可以帮助开发航海官员短期课程，培养海员的行为技能，以补充他们的技术才能。提出了一种新的事件树分析方法来分析船员的绩效和人机关系的有效性。该研究发现，只有一小部分候选人成功地对所有故障做出反应，并且在没有额外警报的情况下，船只可能会导致进一步的危险。应用从研究中吸收的方法和数据可以帮助开发航海官员短期课程，培养海员的行为技能，以补充他们的技术才能。提出了一种新的事件树分析方法来分析船员的绩效和人机关系的有效性。该研究发现，只有一小部分候选人成功地对所有故障做出反应，并且在没有额外警报的情况下，船只可能会导致进一步的危险。应用从研究中吸收的方法和数据可以帮助开发航海官员短期课程，培养海员的行为技能，以补充他们的技术才能。